寄生虫病媒介螺类化学防控先导化合物的结构优化及杀螺作用机制探索

寄生虫病是危害我国群众身体健康的重要公共卫生问题之一。螺传寄生虫病是指由螺类作为传播媒介或因食用未煮熟的螺类而引发的寄生虫病。药物灭螺是控制螺传寄生虫病的有效手段。但目前世界卫生组织唯一推荐使用的杀螺剂——氯硝柳胺对水生类动物尤其是鱼类毒性极强。寻找高效、低毒的全新结构灭螺候选药物是当前杀螺药物研究的重点。因此，本研究团队以我国寄生虫病（血吸虫病、广州管圆线虫病和布氏姜片虫病）的螺传媒介钉螺、福寿螺和扁卷螺为实验对象，对先期获得的灭螺先导化合物H1714（专利申请号CN201710941579.5)的结构进行优化改造，通过实验室和田间试验开展灭螺效果评价，并对非靶向生物进行安全性评估， 筛选出一类广谱高效的新型杀螺剂；同时，利用分子探针技术深入探讨杀螺机制，为开发新的杀螺剂提供作用靶点。

Parasitic diseases are one of the most important public health problems in China. Snail borne parasitic diseases are parasitic diseases caused by the serves of snails as vectors or by the consumption of undercooked snails. Using Chemical molluscicides is one of the effective methods to control snail borne diseases. Niclosamide (5-chloro-N-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide) is the only commercially available molluscicide recommended by World Health Organization . However, it is toxic to fish and other aquatic animals, which limits its application in aquaculture areas. The development of potent molluscicides with low environmental toxicity is in urgent need. Therefore, this research will take parasitic disease in our country (Schistosomiasis, Guangzhou angiostrongylus cantonensis disease and Fasciolopsis buski disease) , Oncomelania hupensis, Biomphalaria straminea and apple snail as experimental object. The structure of the lead molecule H1714 (patent no. CN201710941579.5) will be optimized and modified. Through the laboratory and field experiments for snail control effect evaluation, and carries on the safety assessment of the non-targeted creature, a kind of broad - spectrum and high - efficiency novel molluscicide is found.The molecular probe technique will be used to probe into the mechanism of it in order to provide a target for the development of new molluscicide.