宽幅高精度干涉SAR海面高度测量与仿真研究

TOPS模式是星载SAR一种特殊的扫描模式，它通过天线方位向电扫描，实现宽幅测绘的同时，解决传统ScanSAR模式由于方向图加权不均匀所带来的扇贝效应等问题。近年来，星载SAR海洋遥感已经成为了海洋观测的一种重要手段，如果能够实现利用TOPS模式进行海面高度干涉测量，不仅可以实现高分辨率海面成像，还可以解决海面高度测量中图幅过窄的问题。.本项目提出采用TOPS干涉SAR模式实现宽幅高精度海面高度测量新体制。拟突破动态海面回波并行仿真、TOPSAR配准偏移引起的干涉相位偏差补偿、海面高度测量高精度评估等关键技术。提出采用主辅星联合BP高保相成像方法解决TOPSAR干涉配准难题；提出基于burst交叠区域的高阶相位补偿方法，满足厘米级海面高度测量精度的要求；提出理想干涉量仿真评估方法，避免控制点方法评估误差大的问题。本项目成果将为实现宽幅高分辨高精度海面高度测量奠定技术基础。

Terrain Observation by Progressive Scan (TOPS) mode is an innovative ScanSAR mode. It acquires wide swath images by steering antenna beam in azimuth direction, which also solves the scalloping effect caused by uneven weighting of the pattern. In recent years, Ocean remote sensing of Spaceborne SAR has become an important tool of ocean observation. If the TOPS mode is used for sea surface elevation measurement, both high resolution and wide swath images can be acquired. .In this report, the dynamic sea surface interferometric elevation measurement system is studied for the Spaceborne TOPSAR mode. The research content includes three aspects: The first is raw data parallel simulation for dynamic sea surface. Second is compensation of interference phase deviation caused by TOPSAR registration offset. And last is high precision evaluation of sea surface elevation measurement. .A new way to solve the problem of interference registration in TOPSAR is proposed, which is based on the combination of primary and secondary satellites high phase preserving BP imaging algorithm. A high-order phase compensation method based on burst overlapping region is proposed to meet the requirements of centimeter level accuracy of sea surface elevation measurement. The simulation evaluation method of ideal interference is proposed to avoid the problem of large evaluation error of control point method. The results of this project will support wide swath, high-resolution and high-precision sea surface elevation measurement.