SQUID电流传感器一阶梯度交叉耦合结构设计优化

在辐射计量和单光子计量的科学装置中，超导量子干涉仪（SQUID）电流传感器是低噪声探测器的微弱信号读出核心部件。SQUID电流传感器已成为超导转变边缘探测器（TES）低噪声探测器信号读出的唯一选择。SQUID电流传感器研制的最重要技术是SQUID电流传感器的耦合结构设计技术。为了减弱外界杂散磁场的影响，SQUID电流传感器需采用梯度结构来抵消杂散磁场干扰。因此，本项目将重点研究SQUID电流传感器的一阶梯度交叉耦合结构设计优化，主要研究内容包括： 1、SQUID环路、输入线圈和反馈线圈的一阶梯度结构设计优化；2、SQUID环路与输入线圈、反馈线圈的交叉耦合结构设计优化；3、利用现有的微加工工艺和低温测试技术对优化设计的SQUID一阶梯度交叉耦合结构进行实验验证。本项目将致力于解决SQUID电流传感器的一阶梯度交叉耦合结构设计关键技术，为SQUID电流传感器研制奠定技术基础。

In the scientific equipment for radiation metrology and single-photon metrology, superconducting quantum interference (SQUID) current sensor is the core component for the weak signal readout of the low noise detector. SQUID current sensor has been developed as the only choice for weak-signal readout of superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) low-noise detector. In the development of SQUID current sensor, the most important technology is the design technology for the coupling structure of SQUID current sensor. In order to reduce the influence of stray magnetic field, it is necessary that SQUID current sensor uses gradient structure to offset the interference of stray magnetic field. Therefore, this project will focus on the design and optimization of SQUID current sensor's first-order gradient coupling structure, and the main contents of this project include: 1. The design and optimization of the first-order gradient structure of SQUID loop, input coil and feedback coil; 2. Design and optimization of the cross-coupled structures among SQUID loop, input coil and feedback coil; 3. The experimentally verification of the optimally designed first-order gradient cross-coupled structure of SQUID current sensor by using the existing microfabrication process and low-temperature measurement technology. This project will focus on solving the key design technology of SQUID current sensor's first-order gradient cross-coupled structure, and lay a technical foundation for the development of SQUID current sensor.