基于超分子串联酶分析的污水中非法药物快速监测方法研究

申请人针对禁毒工作中污水介质中痕量非法滥用药物缺乏有效快速现场检测方法的问题，以甲基苯丙胺为代表，拟设计合成金属氧化物磁性纳米球，实现污水中痕量毒品的选择性富集和亲水性洗脱；针对测定方法，重点设计和优化由大环宿主与荧光指示剂构建的超分子探针，筛选酶促反应路线，优化酶促反应条件，建立超分子串联酶体系，依据探针的识别特异性和酶催化特异性，“双保险”提高非标记快速定量结果的可靠性。利用体系热力学和酶促反应动力学特征，采用“拟牛顿迭代法”构建算法，预测分析物浓度，创新性地将基于超分子串联酶探针概念的酶活力测定法反转用于酶底物浓度的测定，使检测方法由“二维”向“三维”转变（即时间尺度下的超分子体系荧光强度变化和分析物浓度变化），实现污水中痕量非法药物的高灵敏度、高特异性、高通量检测。结合特异性样品前处理方法，形成甲基苯丙胺的污水快检方案，可实现毒源的快速追踪，也为药物滥用监测提供新的方法与策略。

In view of the lack of effective and rapid on-site detection methods for trace illegal and abusive drugs in sewage, the applicant plans to design and synthesize metal oxide magnetic nanospheres to achieve the selective enrichment and hydrophilic elution of trace methamphetamine in large volume sewage samples, and focuses on the design and optimization of supramolecular probes constructed by macrocyclic host and fluorescent indicator. According to the specificity of probe identification and enzyme catalysis, the method can improve the reliability of the rapid quantitative results. Based on the thermodynamics and enzymatic reaction dynamics of supramolecular system, the concentration of analyte was calculated by "quasi-Newton–Raphson" method. The concept of supramolecular tandem enzyme probe was creatively reversed for the determination of enzyme substrate. The detection method changed from "two-dimensional" to "three-dimensional" (i.e. the change of fluorescence intensity and analyte concentration of supramolecular system in time scale), and that can get a good sensitivity, specificity and high throughput for detection of trace drugs in complex environment. Combined with the pretreatment of specific samples, a rapid wastewater detection scheme for methamphetamine was formed. This method might realize the fast tracking of drug sources and provide new methods and strategies for drug abuse monitoring.