人类活动对黄河三角洲滨海湿地AOM微生物基因流迁移转化过程的生物学影响机制

人类活动显著影响着全球微生物基因流的迁移过程和温室气体排放。针对全球气候变暖日益加剧的实际需求，湿地AOM微生物成为减少CH4排放的关键，其中人类活动对湿地AOM微生物基因流迁移过程的影响机制已成为当前研究热点。本项目以黄河三角洲滨海湿地为对象，采用高通量测序和宏基因组学方法，选取油田开采、海水养殖、农业种植、黄河调水和旅游开发五种典型人类活动干扰的滨海湿地，重点研究：（1）湿地中AOM微生物群落结构的时空分布特征；（2）AOM微生物基因流的迁移转化规律；（3）不同滨海湿地中AOM微生物特征功能基因，建立特征功能基因文库； （4）人类活动与AOM微生物基因流及其群落结构的关联性，揭示人类活动对滨海湿地AOM微生物基因流迁移过程的生物学影响机制。这对于保护黄河下游微生物遗传多样性和生物多样性具有重要意义，并为调控湿地碳氮等元素生物地球化学循环过程和减少CH4排放提供重要的理论基础与科学依据。

Human activities significantly affect the global microbial gene flow migration process and greenhouse gas emissions.In view of the increasing actual demand of global climate warming, wetland AOM microbes have become the key to reduce CH4 emissions, among which the mechanism of human activities affecting the gene flow migration process of wetland AOM microbes has become a current research focus.This project by the Yellow River delta coastal wetland as an object, adopts high-throughput sequencing and macro genomics approach, selection of oilfield exploitation, aquaculture, agriculture, the Yellow River water diversion and tourism development of five kinds of typical coastal wetland human disturbance, key research: (1) the space-time distribution features of AOM microbial community structure in wetlands;(2) migration and transformation of AOM microbial gene flow;(3) AOM microbial feature function genes in different coastal wetlands, and the feature function gene library was established;(4) the correlation between human activities and AOM microbial gene flow and its community structure reveals the biological influence mechanism of human activities on the process of AOM microbial gene flow migration in coastal wetland.This is of great significance for the protection of microbial genetic diversity and biodiversity in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and provides an important theoretical and scientific basis for the regulating of the biogeochemical cycling process of carbon and nitrogen and the reduction of CH4 emissions in wetlands.