玉米秸秆细胞壁界面抗降解屏障解析及细胞壁伸展蛋白挖掘

纤维素是地球上最丰富的可再生资源，转化制备乙醇是纤维素利用的重要途径，受到各国的共同关注。纤维素酶促水解效率低是制约纤维素乙醇发展的关键难题，剖析抑制纤维素酶解的关键因子，提高酶解效率，是该领域的重要基础科学问题。基于实验室建立的细胞壁研究方法，项目以玉米秸秆细胞壁为研究对象，采用多种先进分析方法，从宏观形态、显微结构、超微结构、分子、基团、元素和化学键水平，全维度地分析细胞壁界面化学组成、组分分布、物理性质及形态结构变化对纤维素酶吸附及酶解效率的影响，提出细胞壁界面抗降解屏障理论；挖掘细胞壁内源伸展蛋白，阐明其对细胞壁界面的作用机制，建立协同酶解工艺。项目充分借鉴纤维素化学、界面化学、生物化学、细胞壁生物学和分子生物学的思路与方法，研究策略和手段独特。项目的实施将有助于深层次认知玉米秸秆抗降解屏障，丰富纤维素酶促水解理论，提高纤维素酶解效率，为玉米秸秆高值化利用提供重要的理论与技术支持。

Cellulose is deemed as the most abundant and renewable resource on the earth. At present, many countries across the globe have issued related bills to direct the development of domestic cellulosic ethanol industry. Compared with the traditional starch or sugar based ethanol production process, the low efficiency in saccharification of cellulose by enzymatic hydrolysis is the main barrier in industrialization of cellulosic ethanol. Acquiring insight into various recalcitrant factors and enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency are still the vital scientific problems in the cellulosic ethanol industry. In this project, multi-scale advanced analytical methods will be selected to analyze the influence of composition, chemical distribution, morphology, and physical structure of the cell wall on the cellulase adsorption and enzymatic hydrolysis, in the aspects of macrostructure, microstructure, ultra-structure, molecule, chemical group, chemical element, and chemical bonds level. Furthermore, the endogenous swollenin of corn straw will be purified. And the synergistic effects between swollenin and cellulase on interface of cell wall will be clarified. Finally, the theory of interfacial recalcitrant barrier of cell wall will be put forward. The project relates to the interface chemistry, cellulose chemistry, biochemistry, cell wall biology and molecular biology. The research idea, strategy, and analytical methods are novel and unique. The results of this project will be beneficial to understand the recalcitrant barrier deeply, enrich the theory of enzymatic hydrolysis, and enhance enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency, which will lay the theoretical and technical basis for the high-valued utilization of corn straw.