模拟地球化学再成矿实现锂云母选择性释锂的基础研究

随着新能源产业的迅猛发展，锂的需求也日益凸显。锂云母是重要的锂资源，性质顽固难以处理，对其经济高效的提取对我国具有重要的战略意义。矿石提取过程本质上是其成矿的逆过程，通过调整锂云母铝硅酸盐组成、结构，降低锂在铝硅酸盐结构中的稳定性，地球化学再成矿形成不含锂的新相，实现锂的选择性释放。. 本项目拟采用实验结合仪器表征、量子化学计算方法，通过研究：①OH取代F、Fe/Mg/Ca取代Li对锂云母铝硅酸盐晶体结构性质影响的微观机理；②不同物理化学环境条件下重构锂云母过程锂、钾、铝、硅、氟、钙/铁/镁等在两相的迁移分配行为；③锂云母重构过程铝硅酸盐矿相转变等关键问题，阐明锂云母铝硅酸盐结构组成与含锂特性的关联，揭示锂云母再成矿过程铝硅酸盐结构解构选择性释锂机制，建立锂云母提锂的基础理论体系。通过本项目研究可为锂云母高效提取提供理论支撑，并为其他云母型稀有金属资源的开发提供新思路。

With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the demand for lithium has become increasingly prominent. Lepidolite is a kind of important lithium resource, which is difficult to extract. Its economical and efficient extraction has important strategic significance for China. The extraction process of ore is essentially the reverse process of its mineralization. By adjusting the composition and structure of lepidolite aluminosilicate, the stability of lithium in the aluminosilicate structure is reduced, and the geochemical re-mineralization forms a new phase that contains no lithium, which achieves the selective release of lithium.. This project intends to use experiments combined with instrument characterization and quantum chemical calculation methods. Through research: ① the microscopic mechanism of the effect of OH substituting F and Fe/Mg/Ca substituting Li on the crystal structure and properties of lepidolite aluminosilicate; ② the migration and distribution behaviors of lithium, potassium, aluminum, silicon, fluorine, calcium/iron/magnesium during the reconstruction of lepidolite under different physical and chemical environmental conditions; ③ the phase transformation of aluminosilicate in the process of lepidolite reconstruction. It is expected to clarify the relationship between the structural composition of lepidolite aluminosilicate and the lithium bearing properties in lepidolite, reveal the mechanism of selective lithium release through the structural deconstructing of aluminosilicate during the re-mineralization of lepidolite, and establish the basic theoretical system of lithium extraction from lepidolite. The research of this project can provide theoretical support for the efficient extraction of lepidolite, and provide new ideas for the extraction of other mica-type rare metals.