铜冶炼渣中铁橄榄石碱解聚及有害金属脱束缚与去除机理研究

解除铁橄榄石物相对有害金属束缚作用是铜冶炼渣无害化的难点。前期工作发现经碱解聚铁橄榄石后有害金属能被稀酸高效去除。本项目围绕铜冶炼渣碱解聚-酸浸过程的铁橄榄石解聚与有害金属去除机理，拟采用表面观察（SEM-EDS、TEM）、现代谱学（ICP-OES、XPS、XRD、NMR、EXAFS、ATP-FTIR）、理论计算（DFT）等3类研究手段，从铁橄榄石物相转化、有害金属脱束缚及去除3个层次，探究碱解聚过程主要影响因素、碱对铁橄榄石作用、铁橄榄石转化过程，解析铁橄榄石碱解聚前后对有害金属的束缚与脱束缚关系，研究有害金属与铁橄榄石脱束缚热化学过程，研究碱解聚、酸浸过程有害金属去除机理。项目实施后可形成碱解聚过程铜冶炼渣中铁橄榄石物相转化机理，获得铁橄榄石解聚过程中有害金属脱束缚机理，提出碱解-酸浸过程有害金属去除机理，丰富铜冶炼渣中铁橄榄石解聚与无害化理论，为富含铁橄榄石物相冶炼渣处理提供借鉴。

To relieve the bonding effect of the fayalite on the harmful metals is the difficulty to realize the harmlessness of copper melting slags (CMS). Our previous work found that the harmful metals in the alkali disaggregated fayalite CMS could be easily removed by diluted acid. This project aims at the mechanism of alkali disaggregation of fayalite, and debonding and removal of harmful metals in CMS, adopting three types of research means including morphology observation (SEM-EDS and TEM), modern spectroscopy (ICP-OES, XPS, XRD, NMR, EXAFS and ATP-FTIR) and theoretical calculations (DFT), from three levels including the phase transformation of fayalite, debonding and removal of harmful metals, will explore the major factor affecting alkali disaggregation, the role of the alkali to the fayalite and the transformation process of the fayalite. Meanwhile, the project will analyze the bonding and debonding of harmful metals before and after fayalite alkali disaggregation, and investigate the thermal chemical process of the debonding of harmful metals from fayalite. In addition, the project will study the mechanism of harmful metals removal during the alkali disaggregation and acid leaching processes. After the implementation of the project, it is prospected to clarify the mechanism of the fayalite phase transformation during the alkali disaggregation, to raise the mechanism of harmful metals debonding from fayalite, and to obtain the mechanism of harmful metals removal during the alkali disaggregation and acid leaching processes. It will provide novel knowledge for the alkali disaggregation and harmlessness of CMS and smelting slags being rich in fayalite.