水稻生物硝化抑制剂1,9-癸二醇与丁香酸的协同效应与机制

我国集约化农业面临氮素利用率低和环境污染严重的问题。抑制硝化作用是走出氮素困境的有效途径之一。利用植物源生物硝化抑制剂（BNIs）是一种高效环境友好的新策略，但根际不同BNIs之间的协同效应与机制不清楚。在水稻中，我们除了首次发掘到1,9-癸二醇，最近又鉴定到一种根系分泌的新型BNIs——丁香酸，并发现两者混合对抑制典型硝化菌株活性有协同增效作用。在本项目中，我们将进一步利用根系分泌物精细分离、GC-MS鉴定、高通量测序等技术，研究水稻BNIs1,9-癸二醇和丁香酸在根际环境中的协同分泌特征，阐明1,9-癸二醇和丁香酸抑制硝化的协同作用机制，揭示两者协同调控的土壤氨氧化微生物类群以及关键酶位点。在此基础上开展水稻土培实验，评价1,9-癸二醇和丁香酸在土壤-作物体系下对氮素增效减排的潜力。研究结果将为农田氮素高效利用和减少氮污染提供科学依据，服务于国家资源高效和绿色发展的需求。

China's intensive agriculture is facing the problems of low nitrogen utilization efficiency and serious environmental pollution. The inhibition of nitrification is one of the effective measures to get out of the nitrogen dilemma. The use of plant-derived biological nitrification inhibitors (BNIs) is considered as an efficient and environmentally friendly new strategy, but the synergistic effect and mechanism between different BNIs in the rhizosphere are unclear. In rice, in addition to the first discovery of 1,9-decanediol, we recently identified a new BNIs——syringic acid, and found that the combination of the two has a synergistic effect on the inhibition of the activity of typical nitrifying strains. In this project, we will further utilize techniques such as fine separation of root exudates, GC-MS and high-throughput sequencing to investigate the synergistic secretion characteristics of rice BNIs 1,9-decanediol and syringic acid in the rhizosphere, to clarify the synergistic mechanism of 1,9-decanediol and syringic acid in inhibiting nitrification, and to reveal the targeted soil ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms and key enzymes. Based on this, rice soil culture experiments were carried out to evaluate the potential of 1,9-decanediol and syringic acid to increase nitrogen use efficiency and reduce nitrogen pollution under the soil-crop system. This study will provide a scientific basis for improving nitrogen use efficiency and reducing nitrogen pollution in agriculture, and serve the national demand for efficient resource and green development.