冷原子自旋波Fabry-Pérot干涉的实验实现及其在磁场测量中的应用

基于相干布居数囚禁的Ramsey干涉已经广泛应用于原子磁力计和原子钟等领域，但得到的光谱包含许多振幅相近的振荡条纹，很难通过识别中心条纹准确地给出共振频率。基于腔内经多次反射形成的多光束干涉，光学Fabry-Pérot干涉仪已被广泛应用于空间滤波。借鉴Fabry-Pérot腔空间滤波的思想，基于激光冷却的铷-87原子系综，本项目拟探索：（1）双Λ型相干布居数囚禁中时域自旋波Fabry-Pérot干涉的实验实现；（2）利用时域自旋波Fabry-Pérot干涉测量由超精细能级的朗德g因子差异引起的磁不敏感跃迁谱线的劈裂，实现磁场的测量；（3）利用时域自旋波Fabry-Pérot干涉测量由线性Zeeman效应引起的磁敏感跃迁与磁不敏感跃迁的频率差，实现磁场的测量。本项目的顺利开展不仅能增进对多脉冲多路径量子干涉的理解，并且能广泛应用于精密光谱和精密磁场测量之中。

Ramsey interference via coherent population trapping has been widely used in such fields as atomic magnetometers and atomic clocks. Nevertheless, the corresponding spectrum contains numbers of almost identical oscillations and so that it is difficult to identify the central fringe accurately. Based on the multi-beam interference generated by multi-reflection in an optical cavity, the Fabry-Pérot interferometry has been widely used for spatial filtering. Borrowed the ideas from spatial filtering of a Fabry-Pérot cavity and based on the laser-cooled Rb-87 atoms, this proposal will study: (1) experimental realization of temporal spinwave Fabry-Pérot interferometry via the double-Λ system of coherent population trapping; (2)use the temporal spinwave Fabry-Pérot interferometry to realize magnetic field measurement via the splitting of the magneto-insensitive transition caused by the different g factors of ground-state hyperfine levels; (3) use the temporal spinwave Fabry-Pérot interferometry to realize magnetic field measurement via measureing the frequency difference of the magneto-insensitive transition and magneto-sensitive transition caused by linear Zeeman effect. This proposal would not only improve the understanding of multi-pulse multi-path quantum interference, but also be widely used in precision spectrum and precision magnetic field measurement.