农村随迁老人城市适应与差异化社会支持影响机理及效应研究

农村随迁老人作为中国城镇化进程中形成的一类特殊群体，普遍面临城市适应难、获得社会支持状况差的困境。如何优化社会支持体系提升农村随迁老人的城市适应能力，使其尽快融入城市，不仅关系到家庭和社会的稳定，更关系到城镇化推进和城乡融合发展的实现。为此，本研究将基于扎根理论从农村随迁老人自我感知的视角构建城市适应评价指标体系，测度分析农村随迁老人的城市适应水平；应用多重中介效应模型等方法从理论及实证两方面解析差异化社会支持对城市适应的影响机理与作用效果；采用模糊断点回归RD方法明确差异化社会支持之间的互补与替代关系；基于Kano模型识别农村随迁老人对社会支持的需求特征，按优先序原则、分阶段、分层次地优化社会支持体系，提出切实可行的政策保障措施。本项目将促进农村随迁老人及社会支持相关领域的理论研究，为提升农村随迁老人城市适应能力提供理论依据和政策参考。

With the development of urbanization, rural elderly migrants are becoming the special vulnerable group in China. Rural elderly migrants are generally facing with the difficulties of urban adaptation and poor social support. How to optimize the social support system, improve the ability of urban adaptation for the rural elderly migrants and make them to be a part of the city as soon as possible is not only related to the stability of families and society, but also to the promotion of urbanization and the achievement of urban-rural integration. Therefore, based on the Grounded Theory, the study constructs the Evaluation Index System of urban adaptation from the perspective of self-perception of rural elderly migrants, measures and analyzes the level of urban adaptation; Through the multiple mediator model, the study explores the mechanism and effect of differentiated social support on urban adaptation; Adopt the method of fuzzy regression discontinuity RD to explore the complementary and substitution relationship among differentiated social support; Based on Kano model to identify the need s of rural elderly migrants for social support, according to the priority order, the study optimizes the social support system by stages and levels. The project will promote the theoretical research in the field of rural elderly and social support. It also provides theoretical basis and policy reference for improving the adaptability of the rural elderly migrants to the city.