植物对甘肃境内土长城遗址的影响及防护研究

长城是具有突出文化景观特征的文化遗产，对于提升中华优秀传统文化的国际影响力具有重要意义。分布于甘肃境内不同时期长城达3654公里，位居我国第二，主要以土长城为主。由于制作材料脆弱，在长期自然和人为等因素作用下，长城劣化严重，直接威胁到其长久保存和永续传承。目前对土遗址保护研究多集中在物理、化学及工程加固技术等领域，植物与土遗址的相互作用机制以及基于植被覆盖层开展土遗址生态防护的效应尚不清楚。本项目以甘肃境内土长城遗址为研究对象，运用野外调查、数据监测及统计分析，确定遗址病害等级与环境因子间关联度指标值；通过调查遗址本体及周边植物种类、盖度和分布等，结合植物根系生长动态监测系统与探地雷达分析等无损技术，构建植物对土遗址影响的定量评估体系；借助模拟仿真降雨试验，通过自然恢复结合人工干预的措施优化植物群落组配，形成植被防护土长城遗址的有效新模式，为同类土遗址的科学保护提供技术支撑。

The Great Wall is a cultural heritage with prominent cultural landscape characteristics, which has great significance to enhance the international influence of excellent Chinese traditional culture. The Great Wall distributed in Gansu in different periods reached 3654 kilometers, ranking second in China, mainly the Earthen Great Wall. Due to the fragile materials and the long history of the times, under the influence of long-term natural and human activity factors, the deterioration of the Great Wall is serious, which directly threatens its complete preservation and sustainable inheritance. At present, the research on the protection of earthen sites is mostly concentrated in the fields of physics, chemistry and engineering reinforcement technology. The interaction mechanism between plants and earthen sites and the effect of ecological protection of earthen sites based on vegetation covering are still unclear. Taking the earthen Great Wall Site in Gansu Province as the research object, by using the field survey, data monitoring and statistical analysis, the index value of the correlation degree between the site disease grade and environmental factors will be clarified. By investigating the in situ and the surrounding plant species, coverage and their distribution, it combines the non-destructive technology of plant root growth dynamic monitoring system and ground penetrating radar analysis; the quantitative evaluation system of plant impacts on earthen sites will be established, and the plant community structure would optimized through natural restoration combined with artificial intervention measures through simulated rainfall experiments, to form an effective model of vegetation protection for earthen sites of the Great Wall, providing technical support for the scientific protection of the similar earthen sites.