藏药材巴朱品质调控机制与种质创新研究

巴朱是藏药五根之上品，为珍稀濒危植物喜马拉雅紫茉莉的宿根，其有效成分为黄酮类化合物。针对巴朱黄酮类成分含量和宿根生物量这两个核心品质问题，本项目从遗传及环境两个层面对巴朱的品质调控机制开展研究。课题组在获得巴朱全基因组基础上，采用转录组-代谢组关联分析，明确巴朱黄酮类成分生物合成通路关键酶基因；筛选出潜在调控巴朱黄酮生物合成的转录因子MYB及宿根生长发育的SAUR基因，采用转基因方法验证其功能；同时，针对巴朱生长的关键环境因素干旱展开受控实验，探索干旱胁迫对巴朱内源激素、根系生长、基因表达及有效成分的影响；最后，利用巴朱转基因体系培育出黄酮类成分含量高且宿根生物量大的巴朱新种质，并对该种质开展有效性和安全性评价。本研究通过对巴朱有效成分生物合成和宿根生物量的调控研究，为揭示优质巴朱品质的形成机制奠定理论基础，为藏药新种质的培育提供研究模板。

Bazhu is a top-grade herb of Tibetan Five Root Herbs, which is the perennial roots of the endangered medicinal plant, Mirabilis himalaica. The active ingredients of Bazhu are various flavonoids. In view of the two core quality issues of Bazhu, the flavonoid contents and perennial root biomass, this project would carry out the research from genetic and environmental levels, respectively. Based on the sequenced genome of Bazhu, the key genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis were investigated by the correlation analysis of transcriptome and metabolome. Additionally, the genes encoding MYB transcription factors controlling flavonoid biosynthesis and root-specific SAUR genes would be screened out, and their function could be employed by the transgenic technology. Meanwhile, the effects of drought stress on the endogenous hormones, root growth, gene expression, and active ingredients were investigated. Novel germplasm of Bazhu, with high levels of flavonoid production and large biomass of perennial root, will be developed. Furtherly, the medical effectiveness and safety of the above germplasm should be evaluated. Our work lays a theoretical foundation for revealing the formation mechanism of high-quality Bazhu through the investigation of the flavonoid biosynthesis and perennial biomass of Bazhu, and provides a research template for the cultivation of new germplasm of Tibetan medical plants.