新型蒙脱石纳米破乳剂的可控制备及其破乳机理研究

随着化学复合驱在油田开采中的广泛应用，采出液油水乳化程度提高，破乳难度不断增加，当前亟需开展新型破乳剂的研究与开发。近年来，纳米粒子（NP）破乳剂成为化学破乳剂发展的重要方向。本项目拟开展新型蒙脱石NP破乳剂的可控制备研究，将其用于原油采出液的破乳。以蒙脱石二维纳米材料为原料，通过表面化学修饰在材料表面接枝特定组成和结构的化学分子，调控材料亲疏水性、荷电性和吸附性等表面性质，制备能够在常温下破乳的低成本新型高效NP破乳剂。采用瓶试法研究原油乳液组成、破乳条件及材料表面化学特征等因素对破乳性能的影响作用。利用AFM胶体探针技术和量子力学计算研究材料与沥青质等乳化分子间的作用行为，从分子水平上揭示破乳机制，建立材料表面化学特征与破乳性能之间的相关性。研究成果有望解决NP破乳剂实现工业化应用中的核心科学问题和技术瓶颈，为我国原油乳液的脱水处理提供理论基础和技术支持。

With the wide application of compound chemical flooding in oilfield exploitation, the emulsification of produced liquid is enhanced, increasing the difficulty in demulsification. So, it is still of great significance to develop novel demulsifiers. In recent years, nanoparticle (NP) demulsifiers have attracted much attention and become an important research subject in the development of chemical demulsifiers. In this project, controllable preparation of montmorillonite (MMT) NP demulsifiers based on surface chemical modification is proposed. By grafting specific organic molecules on the MMT surface, the hydrophobicity, zeta potential, and adsorption property of the material will be reasonably controlled to obtain low-cost NP demulsifiers with high-efficiency at normal atmospheric temperature. By using bottle test, the demulsification efficiency of the prepared NP demulsifiers will be studied. Various facts including the emulsion composition, demulsification conditions and surface characteristics of the NP demulsifiers on the demulsification efficiency will be evaluated. by using the AFM colloidal probe technique and quantum mechanics calculation, the interaction behaviors between the NP demulsifiers and emulsified molecules will be investigated to reveal the demulsification mechanism. Correlation between the material structure and performances of the NP demulsifiers will be established. The conduction of the project is expected to solve the core scientific issues and technical bottlenecks in the industrial application of NP demulsifier, and provide theoretical basis and technical support for the dehydration treatment of the crude oil emulsion in China.