氢致应力局部化镍基合金涡轮叶片微小孔超声复合加工基础研究

镍基合金是航空发动机与燃气轮机高温叶片等高温零部件的主导材料，现有的小工具数控机械加工存在成本较高、效率偏低、质量提升空间小等问题。本项目以镍基合金高温涡轮叶片微小孔加工为对象，融合氢致“应力局部化”与超声加工“瞬时局部撞击”的技术优势，提出氢致应力局部化镍基合金零部件微小孔超声复合加工新方法。以实现镍基合金微小孔的高效率、高质量加工为目标，探索氢致应力局部化与超声振动作用的融合调制机制，研究氢致应力局部化镍基合金微小孔超声复合加工机理，解决超声振动作用与氢致应力局部化复合下氢析出、材料变形演化规律等问题，获得氢致应力局部化镍基合金微小孔超声复合加工工艺。在此基础上，研制出新型超声复合加工原理装置，最终为镍基合金微小孔高效精密加工提供有学术意义的基础理论与实用价值的关键技术。

Nickel-base alloy is the main material for high-temperature components such as aero engine and high-temperature blades of gas turbines. The existing CNC machining with small/micro tools has such problems as high cost, low efficiency and little space for quality improvement. This project takes small/micro hole machining of high-temperature turbine blade of nickel-base alloy as the object. Combining the technical advantages of hydrogen induced "stress localization" and ultrasonic "instantaneous local impact", a new ultrasonic machining method for small/micro holes of nickel-base alloy parts with hydrogen induced stress localization is proposed. In order to achieve the goal of high efficiency and high quality machining of nickel-base alloy small/micro holes, the fusion modulation mechanism of hydrogen induced stress localization and ultrasonic vibration will be explored, and the mechanism of hydrogen induced stress localization in nickel-base alloy micro hole ultrasonic machining will be studied. This project will also solve the problems of hydrogen precipitation and material deformation evolution under the combined effect of ultrasonic vibration and hydrogen-induced stress localization. The ultrasonic machining technology of micro holes in nickel-base alloy with hydrogen induced stress localization will be obtained and a new type of ultrasonic composite machining principle device will be developed, which ultimately provides the basic theory of academic significance and the key technology of practical value for the high-efficiency and precise machining of small/micro holes in nickel-base alloy.