丙型肝炎是严重危害人类健康的重要疾病，控制丙型肝炎危害的关键是建立合适的细胞模型和动物模型以利于HCV疫苗及药物的研发。现有的HCV细胞和动物模型都存在明确显著的局限性，限制了其应用。如何建立既能传代培养又能对各型HCV易感的细胞模型和提高现有HCV树鼩动物模型感染率是亟待解决的科学问题。围绕这一关键科学问题，本课题将通过向树鼩骨髓间充质干细胞转染促进HCV增殖的肝脏特异性表达的miR-122，及介导HCV入胞的两个最为关键的CD81和Occludin受体，研究转染后该细胞生物学特性及其对HCV的易感性、敏感性，确定miRNA-122、HCV受体对细胞分化程度的影响及提高对HCV感染的情况，同时研究其在体内的分化和感染特性。研究结果将为HCV研究提供新的细胞模型资源和最终建立稳定重复性好的树鼩HCV动物模型及接近实验动物模式化水平奠定基础，对丙型肝炎的防治具有重要意义。

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of live disease worldwide. As HCV infects only human and chimpanzee cells, antiviral therapy and vaccine development have been hampered by the lack of a convenient small-animal model. Establishing a subculture in vitro susceptible cells model for various types of HCV and how to improve the infection rate of the existing tree shrew HCV animal model is a scientific problem to be solved. In this study we transfected the liver-specific miR-122, which is required for efficient HCV RNA replication both in cell culture and in vivo, and CD81/Occludin, which is the minimal set of entry factor required for HCV uptake into cells, to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) of tree shrew. To investigated how miR-122 andCD81/Occludin influence HCV replication and cell differentiation in the BM-MSCs. Our studies will provide a new HCV cell model and lay the foundation to build a stable, reproducible tree shrew HCV animal model, which will helpful to prevention and treatment of Hepatitis C.