基于暗物质粒子探测卫星精确测量低能反质子和反氘宇宙线流量的研究

根据标准Λ-冷暗物质（Λ-CDM）宇宙学模型，暗物质和普通物质分别占据宇宙物质的85%和15%，但是人们尚不知道暗物质的本质是什么。研究暗物质是当前宇宙学、粒子物理和场论等领域最前沿课题之一。理论预言，低能反质子和反氘核宇宙射线能谱对于暗物质粒子探测具有很高的敏感度。本申请将基于暗物质粒子探测卫星（DAMPE）的在轨数据，综合DAMPE测量到的能量损失、湮灭特征、总能量等信息来开发低能反质子和反氘核宇宙射线的鉴别方法；利用DAMPE模拟软件来实现对低能反质子和反氘核在DAMPE中的响应、鉴别方法、探测效率、接受度等的研究。最终实现对低能反质子和反氘核流量谱的精确测量，为发现暗物质粒子提供关键的实验证据。

According to the standard Λ-Cold Dark Matter (Λ-CDM) cosmological model, dark matter and normal matter account for approximately 85% and 15% of the matter in the Universe, respectively. However, we do not know the nature of dark matter. Study the nature of dark matter is one of the most frontier researches in the fields of cosmology, particle physics and field theory. Theories predicted that fluxes of low-energy cosmic-ray anti-proton and anti-deuteron have high sensitivity on dark matter detection. In this proposal, based on on-orbit data of DArk Matter Particle Explore (DAMPE), particle identification (PID) method for low-energy cosmic-ray anti-proton and anti-deuteron will be developed by combining measured information of energy losses, annihilation features and total energy. The detector responses, PID method, detection efficiencies and acceptances of low-energy anti-proton and anti-deuteron will be investigated with DAMPE simulation software. Precision flux measurements of low-energy cosmic-ray anti-proton and anti-deuteron will be obtained, which would serve as crucial experimental evidences for dark matter particle identification.