“surface-17”量子纠错码在超导量子电路中的实现

量子计算机的物理实现有多种方案，其中超导量子比特和量子电路在相干性、操控性和扩展性等方面都具有很大的优势，是目前实现通用量子计算机最有力的竞争者之一。近几年来全球各个实验组对超导量子比特的研究也取得了巨大成果，目前超导量子比特的寿命和相干性相比于量子门的时间已经达到了几千倍（出错率大约在10^-4量级）。但是这些量子比特依然非常脆弱，很容易受到环境噪音的干扰，距离真正运行一个有用的Shor算法（出错率大约在10^-14量级）还差得很远。我们需要用量子纠错技术来进一步提高量子比特的寿命和相干性。基于超导量子比特的表面编码量子纠错算法是目前最有希望的平台之一。本项目主要研究如何高保真的实现表面编码要求的所有量子操作，并在该芯片上运行“surface-17”编码量子纠错算法。

There are many kinds of methods for physical realization of the universal quantum computer. Superconducting quantum circuits have made an enormous progress towards long coherence time of qubit, accurate manipulation and convenient scalability of quantum processors. Although, the error rate of quantum gate operation has been reached around 10^-4 orders of magnitude, the qubit is still very fragile to the environmental noise. It’s far away to run a useful Shor algorithm which needs the error rate of quantum gate operation would be 10^-14 orders of magnitude. We need to use quantum error correction technology to further improve the coherence time of qubits. Superconducting qubits based on surface code is such one of the most promising candidate. This project mainly focus on how to realize the required high-fidelity quantum operations of physical superconducting qubits, and demonstrating a logical qubit encoded by a surface-17 stabilizer code.