控制菊花舌状花形态变异QTLs定位及关键基因功能分析

花型是观赏植物最为重要的品质性状。菊花舌状花形态变异是影响菊花花型变异的重要因素，然而至今仍未解析该性状，限制了花型定向改良育种工作。申请人前期研究挖掘一个新性状——舌状花花冠筒基部合生程度（Corolla tube merged degree，CTMD），并发现该性状是影响菊花舌状花形态的关键性状，进而基于该性状构建了一张菊花高密度遗传图谱，在此基础上筛选得到了和CTMD性状相关的主效QTLs。本项目拟在此基础上，利用主效QTLs区域内的SNP标记在菊属基因组数据库进行比对分析，筛选并预测候选基因。进而对这些候选基因进行基因克隆和功能分析，挖掘影响舌状花形态的关键基因，初步解析菊花舌状花形态变异的遗传机制。这一研究将对菊花舌状花基本形态的形成机理展开深入研究，为菊花花型定向育种奠定基础。

Flower type is an important and extremely complicated trait of chrysanthemums. And the ray floret shape is the key factor affecting chrysanthemum flower type. However, few reports have clarified the inheritance of the complicated trait, which limits directive breeding for Flower-type improvement. Our previous research found that the corolla tube merged degree (CTMD) is a key factor affecting the ray floret shape of chrysanthemum, and according to the trait, a high-density genetic map of chrysanthemum was constructed and QTL analysis was performed. This project intends to screen the major QTLs related to CTMD traits based on the above research. The SNP markers in the main QTLs region were used to compare to the Chrysanthemum genome databases to screen and predict candidate genes. Furthermore, gene cloning and functional verification of these candidate genes are carried out to initially determine the key genes that affect CTMD traits. This research will conduct an in-depth study on the formation mechanism of the ray floret shape of chrysanthemum and lay the foundation for directional breeding of chrysanthemum flowers.