长江流域典型通江湖泊水生态环境演变规律及水库群优化调控方法研究

长江流域通江湖泊具有得天独厚的生态优势，事关长江经济带生态安全。长江-通江湖泊-支流构成有机的江-湖-河系统，流域内气候变化、人类活动、水库群调度等改变了通江湖泊水沙过程，引起了水生态环境的一系列变化。在长江大保护的背景下，揭示通江湖泊生态环境对水动力变化的响应机制，进而制定水库群优化调控方法，是亟待解决的关键科学问题与技术难题。本项目以鄱阳湖作为典型长江通江湖泊，以流域水动力变化及其对生态环境的影响机制为主线，采用野外观测、室内实验、理论分析和数值模拟等方式，阐明长江流域江湖关系变化下湖泊生态环境时空演变规律，建立以江-湖-河系统为基础的水动力-生态环境耦合模型以及水库群最优调控方法，形成长江三峡与湖泊支流控制性水库群优化调控方法，特别是在江-湖-河系统中通江湖泊生态环境对水动力的响应特征与适应性的机理上将取得关键性突破，为长江大保护和绿色发展提供理论支撑，具有重大的现实意义和学术价值。

The Yangtze River-connected lakes have unique ecological advantages in the basin, which is related to the ecological security of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The Yangtze River, the lake and its tributaries constitute to an organic river-lake system. Climate change, human activities and regulation of reservoirs in the basin have changed the process of water and sediment to the linking lake, resulting in a series of changes in the water ecological environment. For the Yangtze River protection, it is a key scientific and technical problem to reveal the response of the ecological environment of the linking lake to the change of hydrodynamics, and then manage the optimal regulation method of reservoirs. This project takes Poyang Lake as a typical river-connected lake to analyze the hydrodynamic changes in the basin and its impact mechanism on the ecological environment. The field observation, laboratory experiment, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation will be used to clarify the temporal and spatial variations of the lake’s ecological environment under the changes of relationship between the Yangtze River and the lake. Then, the hydrodynamic-ecological environment coupling model based on the river-lake system will be developed. The key breakthrough will be made in the response of ecological environment in the lake to hydrodynamic changes. The project will provide theoretical support for the great protection and green development of the Yangtze River.