新型复合微生物藻华调控剂的创制与应用评价

本项目紧扣当前藻华防控的研究热点和难点，从“以菌治藻”的理念出发，利用我们长期研究所建立的溶藻微生物资源菌种库，开展溶藻微生物菌剂和固定化缓释制剂的创新研制，开发出一批全新的、具有我国自主产权的藻华治理菌剂和缓释制剂。在研制复合菌剂和缓释制剂的过程中，深入探讨多菌协同作用下藻细胞裂解死亡过程与机理，进一步补充和完善在复杂条件下藻-菌关系研究的理论；掌握复合菌剂的配制技术，完善溶藻菌株批量发酵与菌剂制备工艺，杀藻活性物质的分离提取和纯化工艺以及固定化缓释制剂创制工艺，同时开展中等规模的现场溶藻实验和生态安全评价，以筛选能高效溶藻，且对环境安全友好的溶藻生物制剂用于藻华治理，减轻藻华灾害。本项目将为藻华的微生物治理提供重要的理论依据、菌种资源、制剂与技术工艺，同时建立微生物制剂治理藻华的生态安全评价体系。

In recent years, the frequent occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) has caused huge economic losses, and seriously threaten to aquatic animal safety and human safety. It is necessary to develop effective and ecofriendly methods to control HABs. Among currently applied methods for controlling HABs, biological control, such as the use of algicidal bacteria, is a promising eco-friendly approach. To date, many kinds of algicidal bacteria have been isolated and identified from water environment, and their algicidal characteristics and mechanisms are also being explored. These algicidal bacteria have been demonstrated to be specific algicidal against harmful algae. However, very few studies have explored the practical application of algicidal bacteria. .Over the past decade, we isolated and identified a lot of algicidal bacteria, which showed high algicidal activities against several dominant HABs-causing species, and established an invaluable resource bank of algicidal bacteria. In this project, we focused on frontiers of science research on the relationship between bacteria and algae, and aimed at the practical problems that HABs controlled by algicidal bacteria to develop a batch of novel compound microbial bacterial agents and immobilized sustained-release preparations against algal blooms. To develop these compound algal-lytic microbial agents, the synergistic effect and mechanism will be discussed when several strains are used in combination for algal bloom control. The synergistic algicidal mechanism will supplement the theory of bacteria-algae relationship under complex conditions. We will optimize the fermentation conditions of algicidal bacteria and explore novel methods and technologies for separation, extraction and purification of algicidal active substances. To improve the practical application of algicidal bacteria as an algicidal agent, an embedded immobilization technique was employed. At the same time, the manufacturing process of compound bacterial agents and immobilized sustained-release preparations will be established and standardized. To further evaluate the application effect of these microbial agents and sustained-release preparations against HABs, the field experiments will be conducted. To ensure that the natural environment is not perturbed, we will established a scientific assessment system to evaluate the ecological and environmental safety when these novel compound microbial agents and sustained-release preparations are used to eliminate or reduce HABs..The project would not only enhance researchers’ understanding of the potential for microbial control against HABs, but also provide scientific insights, aboundant strain resources, manufacturing processes and technologies of microbial agents and sustained--release preparations, and practical application protocols for the effective control of HABs by algicidal bacteria. Otherwise, an objective, scientific assessment system and standard will be established to evaluate the ecotoxicity and environmental safety when these microbial agents and sustained-release preparations are used to eliminate or reduce HABs.