自动驾驶汽车车外人机交互对骑行人交通行为与心理认知的影响机理

自动驾驶技术已成为全球汽车产业发展的战略方向，未来在高度或完全自动驾驶环境下，车外人机交互是实现自动驾驶汽车与其他道路使用者信息交互的关键方法之一。国外学界已经开展了车外人机交互对行人交通行为和心理认知的影响研究。然而，骑行人与自动驾驶汽车的交互过程有别于行人，需要针对骑行人开展相关影响机理的研究。本课题依托中国特色的交通环境和骑行人特征，提取多个典型的自动驾驶汽车与骑行人交互场景，确定体系化的影响评估指标集合，设计车外人机交互影响评估实验方案；基于现实场景实验，采用统计学方法，揭示不同交互场景下车外人机交互类型对骑行人交通行为和心理认知的影响机理，提出最优的车外人机交互类型建议；通过认知行为建模，探究不同交互场景下车辆动态行为对车外人机交互应用效果的影响机理，提出车辆动态行为与车外人机交互的匹配要求。研究成果将为业界车外人机交互的研发提供理论依据。

Autonomous vehicle technology has become a strategic direction for the development of the global automotive industry. In the future, in a highly or fully autonomous driving environment, external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) is one of the major approaches to achieve information interaction between autonomous vehicles and other road users. Previous studies mainly focused on studying the influence mechanism of eHMIs on pedestrians’ traffic behavior and psychological cognition when they are interacting with autonomous vehicles. However, the interaction between cyclists and autonomous vehicles can be different from that of pedestrians. It is important to study the influence mechanism for cyclists. This study will create several common interaction scenarios based on the traffic environments and cyclists’ features in China, establish a set of indicators to systemically evaluate the influence mechanisms of eHMIs on cyclists’ behavior and psychological cognition when they are interacting with autonomous vehicles, and develop an experiment plan for evaluating these mechanisms. Based on the real-world experiments, this study will reveal the influence mechanisms of different types of eHMIs on cyclists’ traffic behavior and psychological cognition using statistical methods, and propose the optimal type of eHMIs. In addition, this study will explore the influence mechanisms of vehicle behavior on the effects of eHMIs through cognitive behavior modeling, and propose the matching scheme of eHMIs and vehicle behavior. The study results will support the development of eHMIs in the industry.