东亚环足摇蚊属（双翅目：摇蚊科）系统学和生物地理学研究

本研究选取属内分类界限存在多次变动的环足摇蚊属作为研究对象。运用比较形态学、分子系统学和生物地理学的方法对东亚范围内环足摇蚊进行系统研究。立足形态分类系统学，规范该属属级鉴别特征和种间界限；探索属内种间及邻近属间系统发育关系。同时运用分子系统学的方法，基于DNA条形码技术，运用热点线粒体基因和核基因进行综合分类，解决属内近缘种和各虫态匹配等疑难问题；探讨该属内及与直突摇蚊亚科其他类群的系统发育关系。基于系统学分析结果，开展生物地理学研究，探索分布格局和起源问题。环足摇蚊属是摇蚊科关键类群之一，另一个原因是该属不同种幼虫对不同区域的水环境表现出的敏感性和适应性不同，因此，该属的幼虫可作为水环境生物监测的重要指示生物。本研究的预期结果对于揭示直突摇蚊亚科属间系统发育关系的发挥重要的作用，也将为合理制定世界摇蚊分类体系，追溯摇蚊科起源问题及水环境监测提供重要的依据。

In this study, the genus Cricotopus with multiple changes in its internal classification boundaries is selected as the research object. The methods of comparative morphology, molecular systematics and biogeography will be used to study the Cricotopus from East Asia. Based on morphological taxonomic systematics, standardize the diagnostic characters of the genera and the interspecific delimitation; explore the phylogenetic relationships of interspecies and neighboring genera. At the same time, by using molecular systematics and based on DNA barcoding technology, the hot spot mitochondrial genes and nuclear genes are applied synthetically to solve the difficult problems such as the relative species within genus and matching of each stage, and to investigate the phylogenetic relationship between the genus and other groups of Orthocladiinae. Based on the results of systematics analysis, biogeographic research was carried out to explore the distribution pattern and origin of biogeography. Cricotopus is one of the key groups of Chironomidae, another reason is that the larvae of this genus show different sensitivity and adaptability to the water environment in different areas, therefore, the larvae of this genus can be used as important indicator organisms for biological monitoring of water environment. The expected result of this study will play an important role in revealing phylogenetic relationships among genera of subfamily Orthocladiinae, and will also provide important evidence for developing the classification system of Chironomidae in the world, tracing the origin of Chironomidae and the monitoring of the water environment.