长周期木星对开普勒多行星系统的稳定性及构型影响的研究

寻找另一个“地球”是行星科学发展的核心目标，对处于宜居带的超级地球的形成与演化理论的研究至关重要。开普勒卫星探测到大量由超级地球组成的多行星系统，其轨道构型与太阳系存在明显差异，且其轨道周期比分布的相关特征尚未得到很好的解释。观测表明，超级地球的出现率与长周期木星之间存在相关性。本项目致力于研究长周期木星对开普勒多行星系统的稳定性和轨道构型的影响。首先，根据摄动理论以及数值模拟研究长周期木星对内部行星稳定性的影响，给出行星的稳定区域，得到行星间相互倾角与轨道周期比的定量关系。基于该关系，进一步对开普勒多行星系统进行观测模拟研究，得到行星系统在去除观测偏差影响后新的周期比分布，分析开普勒多行星系统真实的轨道构型特征，理解引起行星在周期比大于2:1处缺失现象的物理机制。本项目的研究成果将为进一步研究超级地球的形成和演化机制提供理论线索，且对TESS行星的后续观测具有指导意义。

Searching for another "Earth" is the core goal for planetary science, which raises the importance of study on the formation and evolution of super-Earths. The Kepler mission has detected thousands of planetary systems with one to seven super-Earths. The architecture of these Kepler multi-planet systems are quite different from our solar system, and the distribution of the period ratio has not been well explained. Observations have shown that there is a correlation between the occurrence of super-Earths and the long-period Jupiter. This project aims to study the influence of the long-period Jupiter on the stability and orbital architecture of Kepler multi-planet systems. First, according to the perturbation theory and numerical simulation, we study the influence of long-period Jupiter on the stability of the inner planet's orbit, and the excitation of the mutual inclination of the planets, and obtain the statistical quantitative relationship between the planet's mutual inclination and the orbital period ratio. Then, based on this relationship, we conduct simulated observations of Kepler planet populations. By comparing the simulation and observation results, a de-biased distribution of the period ratio of the Kepler system will be obtained, the true orbital architecture of Kepler multi-planet systems will be revealed, and the physical mechanism of the lack of planet pairs with period ratio >2:1 will be understood. This project will provide theoretical clues for further study of the formation and evolution mechanism of super-Earths, and has guiding significance for the follow-up observations of TESS planets.