文化融合视阈下北魏平城空间形态调适及规划形制演变研究

文化融合推动都城发展，都城规划体现文化认同和民族凝聚。北魏平城是北方游牧民族进入中原最早自建的都城之一，规划融合民族和宗教等文化而创新，在规划史上承前启后，是后世多民族国家都城规划的范本。但既有研究与其地位不相称，形态变迁、思想内涵和形制演变尚不明确。本项目在已有基础上深化拓展，立足文化融合的整体视角，将都城营建规划与文化建构和国家治理相结合；引入考古最新发现和其他学科新近成果，运用多重证据法、GIS、民族志、空间形态类型学等多学科交叉方法，构建空间形态“信息集成-形态复原-动态分析-三维模拟”和“历时态-共时态特征对比解析”技术。复原不同文化融合时期的空间形态，模拟动态调适过程，提炼规划设计方法；溯源营建规划中的多元文化内涵，揭示文化融合与空间形态的交互机制；建立规划形制演变谱系，诠释演变规律和价值。旨在弥合古都链条、推动古都研究科学化、诠释国家治理时代内涵、为多民族都城提供研究范式。

Cultural integration drives the development of capital city, and the planning of capital city reflects cultural identity and national cohesion. Pingcheng City in the Northern Wei Dynasty, one of the earliest capitals built by the nomadic peoples of the north who entered the Central Plains, was innovatively planned, integrating ethnic and religious cultures. It took over from the past and set a new course for the future, becoming a model for capital city planning of multi-ethnic states in later times. However, the existing research is not commensurate with its status, and the morphological changes, ideological connotations, and evolution of the form are not yet clear. This study deepened and expanded the existing foundation. Based on the overall perspective of cultural integration, the study combined capital city planning with cultural construction and national governance, and introduced materials such as the latest archaeological findings and recent achievements of other disciplines. It also used multidisciplinary methods such as multiple evidence method, GIS, ethnography, and spatial morphological typology to construct a spatial morphological “information integration – morphological recovery – dynamic analysis – 3D simulation” quantitative technology and “ephemeral state – common state feature analysis and comparison” technology. The spatial morphology of different cultural integration periods was recovered, the dynamic adaptation process was simulated, and the planning and construction process was restored; the multi-cultural connotation in the construction planning was traced to reveal the interaction mechanism between cultural integration and spatial morphology; a genealogy of the evolution of the planning system was established to explain the evolutionary patterns and values. The purpose of the study was to bridge the chain of ancient capitals, promote scientific research on ancient capitals, interpret the connotation of national governance, and provide a research paradigm for multi-ethnic capitals.