激波诱导多相液滴变形破碎的数值方法及机理研究

液滴受高速气流作用的破碎行为是燃油雾化、飞行器穿越水气环境等工程应用中的共性基础科学问题。由于液体空化、气流卷吸等原因，多相液滴在激波冲击作用下会出现微爆炸、微射流等流动现象，其中的流动机理与单相液滴存在显著区别。本项目拟研究尖锐界面与扩散界面的耦合算法，用于精确模拟激波诱导的多相液滴变形破碎问题。通过对典型流动进行分析，探究相变对空泡和液滴演化的影响，阐释波系在受限空间内的传播规律，揭示微爆炸、微射流的诱发条件以及演化规律。本项目预期成果将为不同混溶性的可压缩多相流问题提供一种新的高精度数值方法，并深化对多相液滴气动变形破碎机理的认识，从而为理解和解决工程问题提供指导。

The aerobreakup of liquid droplets under the impact of high-speed airflow is a common scientific problem in engineering applications such as fuel atomization and aircraft crossing water and air environments. Due to liquid cavitation or air entrainment, multiphase droplets will occur micro-explosions and micro-jets under the impact of shock waves, the flow mechanism is significantly different from that in single-phase droplets. This project intends to study the coupling algorithm of sharp interface method and diffuse interface method to accurately simulate the aerobreakup of multiphase droplets induced by shock waves. Through the analysis of typical flows, the influence of phase change on the evolution of cavitation bubbles and droplets is explored, the propagation laws of wave systems in confined spaces are explained, and the inducing conditions and evolution laws of micro-explosions and micro-jets are revealed. The expected results of this project will provide a new high-precision numerical method for compressible multiphase flows with different miscibility, and deepen the understanding of the mechanism of the aerobreakup of multiphase droplet, so as to provide guidance for understanding and solving engineering problems.