含水介质中游离态微生物/生物膜与重金属间的交互作用及机制研究

地下水重金属污染的微生物修复技术受到广泛关注。要准确评估修复过程中重金属的环境风险，必须全面掌握重金属运移行为及赋存形态的变化，其核心在于阐明含水介质中微生物-重金属之间的交互作用。本项目拟选取地下水中典型阴离子态、阳离子态重金属污染物以及对应耐受微生物为研究对象，综合多学科交叉知识，通过批实验、柱实验和数值模拟相结合的手段，采用多种现代表征分析技术，系统研究含水介质中游离态以及生物膜固着态微生物与重金属之间的相互作用，阐明微生物和重金属的运移行为规律及相关关系，揭示微生物与重金属间的微观作用过程及机理，建立有效模拟微生物及重金属运移行为的数值模型。研究结果有助于准确评估微生物修复过程中重金属的迁移转化，亦可为地下水重金属污染微生物修复技术的发展和应用提供科学依据和理论支持。

Bioremediation of heavy metals contaminated groundwater has attracted extensive attention. It is necessary to understand the transport and speciation changes of heavy metals to assess their environmental risks during the bioremediation process. Clear clarification of the interaction and mechanism between microorganisms and heavy metals in porous media is urgently needed. Considering the research limitations in this field, typical anionic, cationic heavy metals and the corresponding metal-tolerant microorganisms will be selected as the research objects. Based on the interdisciplinary knowledge, batch experiments, column experiments, and numerical simulations will be combined to explore the interaction and correlation between free microorganisms/biofilm and heavy metals. A range of analytical technologies will be utilized to further elucidate the governing mechanism. Numerical models will be established based on the experimental results to effectively simulate the transport of microorganisms and heavy metals in porous media. The proposed research has important theoretical significance and practical value for the accurate prediction of the heavy metals environmental behaviors in groundwater, and the development and application of bioremediation technologies.