基于MRI研究新冠肺炎康复患者大脑和心理的长期变化和恢复

新冠肺炎不仅影响呼吸系统，还以多种途径影响大脑。大部分患者的大脑没有可见的神经系统症状，但患者的大脑有没有受到影响或损伤不得而知。申请人前期的工作显示，无特异性神经系统症状患者在康复三个月后，相比于健康对照，大脑在微观上表现出区域的皮层厚度变薄、白质纤维束体积萎缩和脑血流量降低。目前，无特异性神经系统症状患者大脑和心理的长期变化和恢复并没有得到研究。本项目拟使用多模态MRI脑成像技术（T1、ASL、DTI）以及功能磁共振（fMRI）的自然刺激范式，采集无特异性神经系统症状患者康复12个月和24个月的脑影像数据，以及心理精神健康量表，使用算法分析数据，旨在揭示患者经过长期的恢复之后，大脑的灰白质结构、脑血流、脑功能以及心理精神健康的变化和恢复状况，同时探寻心理精神状态反映在大脑层面的认知神经机制。本项目的完成不仅能完善对患者大脑和心理恢复状况的理解，还能为全面康复提供指导。

COVID-19 affects not only the respiratory system, but the brain through several ways. Most of the patients had no visible neurological manifestations, but it is unknown whether their brains were affected or damaged. The applicant's previous work showed that, compared with the healthy controls, the patients without neurological manifestations showed thinner cortical thickness, lower volumes of white matter fiber bundles and decreased cerebral blood flow in the microscopic areas of the brain after discharge from the hospital for three months. Long-term changes and recovery of the brain and mental health in patients without neurological manifestations have not been studied. This project intends to use multimodal MRI brain imaging techniques (T1, ASL, DTI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with naturalistic imaging paradigm to collect brain imaging data for the patients who recovered from the disease twelve and twenty-four months later, as well as collect the data of psychological state. Using advanced algorithms and pipelines to analyze data, this project aims to reveal the abbrance and recovery of gray matter, white matter, cerebral blood flow, brain function, and the psychological state in patients who recovered for a long term. Also, the cognitive machenism of the brain function and psychological state will be explored. The completion of this project will not only improve the understanding of the patient's brain injury and recovery state, but also provide guidance towards complete recovery.