针对SiPM探测器的多通道大动态范围高速ASIC读出方法研究

CEPC等未来对撞机为物理学家深入研究Higgs粒子，并探索标准模型以外的新物理提供了机遇。对撞机上的量能器是精确测量粒子能量的重要探测器，随着对撞机能量和亮度的巨大提升，传统量能器性能无法满足对粒子能量的探测需求，新的量能器需具备一定空间分辨率，更高能量分辨率和时间分辨率。近年来闪烁体和SiPM读出的AHCAL设计成为研究的热点。为了降低功耗并便于系统集成，设计专用的SiPM高速读出ASIC芯片非常必要。本课题旨在研究新的SiPM读出方案以满足新的探测器需求。传统读出电路大输入动态范围的实现方式是采用片外增益调节，需要多次测量才能覆盖大输入动态范围，本课题提出采用自动增益调节积分器实现大输入动态范围，同时采用高速比较器和片上TDC提高时间分辨率，高速ADC采样实现高能量分辨，片上实现非零数据压缩，减小数据传输量。实现时间分辨率优于100ps，噪声小于5fC，输入动态范围大于200pC。

Future colliders such as CEPC offer physicists the opportunity to delve into Higgs particles and explore new physics beyond the standard model. The HCAL is an important detector for precise measurement of particle energy. With the enormous improvement energy and brightness of the collider, the performance of the traditional HCAL cannot meet the requirements of the particle energy detection. A new HCAL needs to have a certain spatial resolution, higher energy resolution and time resolution. In recent years, the readout for scintillators and SiPM silicon photomultiplier diodes of AHCAL has become a research hotspot. In order to reduce the power consumption and facilitate system integration, it is necessary to design dedicated SiPM high-speed readout ASIC chips. The purpose of this project is to study a new SiPM readout scheme to meet the needs of the new detectors. The traditional way to realize a large input dynamic range of the readout circuit is to use off-chip gain adjustment, which requires multiple measurements to cover the large input dynamic range. In this project, an automatic gain adjustment integrator is proposed to achieve large input dynamic range, while a high-speed comparator and on-chip TDC are used to improve the time resolution, high-speed ADC sampling is used to achieve high energy resolution, and non-zero data compression is implemented on-chip to reduce the data output. Designed to achieve a time resolution better than 100 ps, noise less than 5fC, the input dynamic range greater than 200pC.