ATLAS实验上用双光子道精确测量希格斯粒子的汤川耦合强度

粒子物理标准模型在量子规范场论的框架下统一地描述电磁力，弱作用力和强核力，是目前久经实验检验的最成功的理论模型。该模型最美妙的一个部件是引入了描述真空稳定性的希格斯场，通过真空对称性自发破缺机制，希格斯粒子赋予了其他基本粒子以质量。理论家在上个世纪 60 年代首次预言了该粒子，实验家至到 2012 年才首次在大型强子对撞机(LHC)上观测到。它是标准模型里面最后被发现的粒子，同时也是我们对它的性质理解得最少的粒子。从发现以来，实验家已经对它的性质进行了各种研究: 它的质量是多少, 它是如何产生的，它是如何衰变的，它跟其他基本粒子是如何相互作用的等等。本项目就是要分析 LHC 上 ATLAS 探测器在 Run2 和即将到来的 Run3 时期采集的数据，利用双光子衰变道来精确测量希格斯粒子Yukawa耦合强度。

The Standard Model in particle physics uses quantum gauge theory to describe the electromagnetic force, weak force and the strong nuclear force in a unified way. It is the most successful model, which has been long tested. One of the most beautiful blocks is the introduction of the Higgs field. It is the responsible for the electro-weak vacuum stability. Through the spontaneous symmetry breaking mechanism, every other fundamental particle is given a mass. Higgs boson was predicted in last 60s and was only discovered experimentally in 2012. It is the last-discovered particle and the one which we know the least about. Since its discovery, experimenters have performed various studies, including its mass measurement, its production and decay modes, its interactions with other particles and so on. This proposal is to analyze the data collected by the ATLAS detector in Run2 and the forthcoming Run3 and to measure precisely the Higgs Yukawa couplings using the diphoton channel.