典型氟碳类绝缘气体中固体析出物的生成机制及抑制策略研究

典型氟碳类绝缘气体在高能局部放电、击穿、高温过热等条件下可能生成数量可观的固体析出物，是威胁环境友好型气体绝缘电气设备安全运行的关键因素之一，但其准确来源、具体影响和应对措施等尚不明确，因此开展固体析出物生成机制及抑制策略研究具有重要意义。鉴于此，本项目结合多尺度动力学模拟方法和多维分析手段，揭示固体析出物的全景生成机制并建立模型；以C4F7N、C5F10O、HFO1336等为代表，探究高能量悬浮电位放电和高温过热条件下固体析出物的生成、附着和微观理化特性，制备等效固体样品并制作典型析出物附着缺陷，然后以局部放电、间隙击穿、沿面闪络为对象，阐明固体析出物对体系绝缘性能的影响规律及机制；掌握缓冲气体种类及混合比、关键金属电极的材料类型及表面改性方法对固体析出物生成特性的影响规律，进而提出有效的固体析出物生成抑制策略。项目成果有利于保障环境友好型设备的服役安全性，为该类设备的应用推广提供理论和技术指导。

A considerable amount of solid precipitates might be generated in typical fluorocarbon insulating gas under the conditions of high-energy partial discharge, breakdown, or high-temperature overheating, which is one of the key factors threatening the safe operation of environmental-friendly gas-insulated electrical equipment. However, the exact source, specific impact, and countermeasures of solid precipitates are still unclear, so it is of great significance to study its generating mechanisms and suppression strategies. This project will combine multi-scale kinetic simulation methods and multi-dimensional analysis tools to completely reveal and model the formation mechanism of solid precipitates. Besides, generation, attachment, and microscopic physicochemical properties of solid precipitates generated under high-energy suspension potential discharge and high-temperature superheat conditions will be investigated based on C4F7N, C5F10O or HFO1336. Equivalent solid samples will be prepared and typical defects with adherent precipitates will be produced, then partial discharge, gap breakdown, and flashover along the surface are used to elucidate the influence law and mechanism of solid precipitates on insulation performance. Finally, the influence of buffer gas types and their mixing ratios, material types of the key metal electrodes, and surface modification of metal electrodes on the formation characteristics of solid precipitates will be uncovered, and then effective strategies to suppress the generation of solid precipitate will be proposed. The project is conducive for ensuring the safety of environment-friendly equipment in service and providing theoretical and technical guidance for the application and promotion of this type of equipment.