南极半岛、南设得兰群岛地区中新生代几个关键古气候变化事件的生物响应过程

随着全球变暖日益严重，人类对未来气候变化趋势以及人类可持续发展问题投入了更多的关注。与地质历史时期的气候变化密切相关的正是两极冰盖的存在与否。冰盖的反馈作用会放大气候变化在两极的影响。基于这些考虑，我们选取南极半岛、南设得兰群岛地区的中新生代关键地层作为研究对象，探讨关键气候变化事件中生物的响应过程。四个剖面被选取，分别是罗伯特岛铜矿半岛剖面、乔治王岛化石山剖面、海狮岬剖面、梅尔维尔角剖面，根据现有的数据和资料初步分析，这四个剖面可能分别对应于白垩纪高温温室气候中91.2Ma短冰期、古新世-始新世极热事件（PETM）、渐新世早期的骤冷事件（Oi-1）、早中新世降温事件（Mi-1）。计划针对这四条剖面开展生物地层学、古生物学、岩石地层学、有机碳同位素、地球化学、矿物学的研究，分析这几次气候变化事件中生物响应过程和生态面貌演化过程，归纳总结在全球性气候变化过程中生物演化和生态面貌变化的规律。

As global warming becoming more and more serious, human beings are increasingly concerned about the trends of future climate change and its impact on the sustainability of human development. During the geological history, the presence or absence of polar ice caps is closely related to climate change. The feedback effect of ice sheets amplifies the impact of climatic events on both two polar regions. On the basis of these considerations, we will select crucial strata of Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentations in the Antarctic Peninsula and the South Shetland Islands as research objects to analyze the process of biological response in climatic events. Four sections were selected, respectively the tillite deposits on the Coppermine Peninsula of Robert Island, the Fossil Mountain section of Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, the Lions Rump section, and the Cape Melville section. According to the known data and information, these four sections were respectively associating to the 91.2 Ma short glacial period in the Cretaceous high-temperature greenhouse climate, the Paleogene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), the early Oligocene sudden cooling event (Oi-1), and the early Miocene cooling event (Mi-1). we planned to conduct researches of biostratigraphy, paleontology, lithostratigraphy, organic carbon isotope, geochemistry, and mineralogy on these four sections; then to analyze the biological response process and eco-environmental change during Meso-Cenozoic crucial climatic events, and further explore the possible causes of these events, summarize the patterns of biological evolution and ecological changes in the course of global climate changes.