GEO星机双基SAR高分辨率宽幅成像技术

地球同步轨道（GEO）星机双基SAR高分辨率宽幅成像技术，是一种利用GEO-SAR卫星作为照射源，接收站安装于机载接收平台的对地物高分辨率宽幅成像的新体制雷达成像技术，在侦察监视、灾害救援、国土测绘等领域具有重要的应用价值。然而，现有研究工作接收站均为固定波束指向，成像幅宽窄，未充分发挥GEO-SAR照射源提供的大幅宽成像潜力，应用场景仍然受限。本项目将围绕GEO星机双基SAR高分辨率宽幅成像的基础问题，开展高分辨率宽幅成像工作模式设计、回波建模与特性分析、二维空变均衡方法、无模糊成像方法等研究工作，突破二维非线性空变条件下的双基SAR观测模型高效构建方法等关键技术，并进行仿真验证。本项目的研究可以提高我国在星源照射双基SAR成像方面的基础研究水平和自主创新能力，具有重要的科学意义。

Geosynchronous (GEO) spaceborne-airborne bistatic SAR (GEO-SA-BiSAR) high-resolution wide-swath (HRWS) imaging is a novel radar technology for imaging ground targets with HRWS capabilities, whose transmitter is GEO SAR satellite and receiver is mounted on airborne receiver. It possesses great values in the fields of reconnaissance, surveillance, disaster rescue, land surveying, and so on. However, current researches are based on the fixed receiver beam. Thus the achievable imaging swath is narrow and the potential wide-swath imaging capability provided by the GEO illuminator is not realized, which restricts its application prospects. Focusing on the basic problems in GEO-SA-BiSAR HRWS imaging, this project will carry out HRWS imaging mode design, echo modeling and characteristic analysis, 2-D space variance equalization, unambiguous imaging algorithms and other research work. The key techniques, such as the efficient observation model formation method for bistatic SAR under 2-D nonlinear space variance conditions, are going to be broken through. At the same time, numerical simulations are utilized to verify the methods. The research of this project is of important scientific significance for improving the basic research level and the ability of independent innovation in bistatic SAR imaging with the illumination provided by satellite SAR in our country.