小麦MLO1互作蛋白TaMIP1调控白粉病抗性的分子机理研究

小麦白粉病抗性相关基因的研究及其在农业生产中的应用对小麦高产稳产至关重要。MLO基因作为经典的易感基因，其功能缺失突变体在不同植物中均对白粉病具有广谱和持久的抗性。在前期研究工作中，我们鉴定到一个新的能够与小麦TaMLO1发生直接物理互作的蛋白TaMIP1；TaMIP1过表达转基因小麦植株表现出病程相关基因TaPR1显著高表达。本项目拟从分析TaMIP1在小麦抗白粉病过程中的生物学功能入手，综合利用遗传学、生物化学及分子生物学的方法，阐明TaMIP1如何通过物理互作调节TaMLO1活性来调控小麦白粉病抗性的分子机制；利用基因编辑技术靶向TaMIP1上游调控序列 (uORF) 来遗传改良小麦白粉病抗性；利用小麦地方品种和现代育成品种群体挖掘TaMIP1基因的优异自然等位变异。本项目的实施将为小麦白粉病抗性遗传改良提供理论基础和优异基因/种质资源。

The research of powdery mildew resistance related genes and their application in agricultural production are very important for high and stable yield of wheat. MLO gene, as a classical susceptibility gene, has broad-spectrum and long-lasting resistance to Powdery Mildew in different plants. In our previous work, we identified a new protein TaMIP1 that can directly interact with wheat TaMLO1. Overexpression of TaMIP1 in transgenic wheat plants led to a significant upregulation of TaPR1. The aim of this project is to analyze the biological function of TaMIP1 in wheat powdery mildew resistance, and to elucidate the molecular mechanism of how TaMIP1 regulates wheat powdery mildew resistance by regulating TaMLO1 activity through physical interaction, and to improve wheat powdery mildew resistance by targeting the upstream regulatory sequence (uORF) of TaMIP1 with genome editing technology. The excellent natural allelic variation of TaMIP1 gene will be explored by using landrace and modern wheat varieties. The implementation of this project will provide theoretical basis and excellent gene/germplasm resources for genetic improvement of wheat powdery mildew resistance.