视蛋白OPN5/OPN3介导的光调控肉鸡脂肪代谢的作用机制研究

光环境是绿色、健康养殖的重要调控因子。肉鸡养殖行业一贯通过延长光照时长实现肉鸡增重，然而其造成了家禽腹部脂肪的过度积累，降低了家禽酮体产量，提高了脂肪肝综合症，这一负面效应成为利用光环境进一步提高家禽生产的瓶颈。本项目以预研获取的黄羽肉鸡生产优势中短波长LED光为基础，利用自制LED灯智能化控制系统，通过设定不同的光周期与光照强度，建立光周期-光照强度-脂肪代谢模型；通过使用定制基因敲除鸡与眼球摘除鸡，探究代谢模型背后的视觉或非视觉感光蛋白OPN5/OPN3脂肪代谢调控通路；探明LED光靶向调控脂肪代谢调控肉鸡品质中的生物钟、感光视蛋白作用机制，最终构建光照靶向肉鸡脂肪沉积调控的理论与方法，为提高家禽胴体产量、降低脂肪肝综合症以及健康养殖与LED产业的协同创新提供支撑。

Light environment is an important regulatory factor for green and healthful husbandry. The broiler farming industry usually promotes weight gain in broilers by extending the photoperiod (daily lighting greater than 12 hours), which, however, results in accumulation of abdominal fat, decrease of ketone body production, and increase of incidence of fatty liver syndrome in poultry. Those negative effects became the bottleneck of further improving poultry production by using light environment. In this project, firstly, based on our previously studies about special productivity-enhanced short-medium wavelength LED spectra for yellow feather broilers, a photoperiod-light intensity-fat metabolism model will be created by using self-made LED intelligent control system with different photoperiod and light intensity. Secondly, exploring the vision and non-vision regulatory pathway of lipid metabolism, regulated by photosensitive protein OPN5/OPN3, in the metabolic model by using customized gene knockout chickens and enucleation chickens. Thirdly, exploring the mechanism of biological clock and photosensitive protein in the regulation of broiler quality by LED light targeting lipid metabolism. Finally, we aim to establish the theory and method of LED light targeting regulation of broilers’ fat deposits and provide with support for improving poultry ketone body production, reducing fatty liver syndrome, and collaborative innovation of healthful husbandry as well as LED industry.