基于胚性愈伤分化再生基因的功能解析提高黄梁木遗传转化效率的研究

黄梁木是我国华南地区的多用途经济树种，其遗传转化的成功应用将对黄梁木的分子育种提供极大的帮助。高效可行的组织培养体系是植物转基因研究的前提条件，而胚性愈伤组织是植物离体再生的高效方式及遗传转化的理想受体。黄梁木的遗传转化十分困难，其主要原因是胚性愈伤诱导困难。已有研究表明，与生长素和细胞分裂素信号通路相关的基因以及胚胎标记基因在胚性愈伤的诱导过程中起关键作用。我们前期通过转录组分析发现多个与生长素和细胞分裂素信号通路相关以及胚胎标记的候选基因参与到黄梁木胚性愈伤诱导过程。本项目通过分析上述基因在黄梁木胚性愈伤诱导过程中的表达规律与愈伤细胞形态变化的关系，筛选调控黄梁木胚性愈伤分化再生的关键基因；利用分子生物学技术系统研究关键基因对胚性愈伤形成的调控效应，并基于胚性愈伤形成基因的瞬时过表达提高诱导率，进而建立高效的黄梁木遗传转化体系，为黄梁木的转基因育种提供新思路和技术支持。

Neolamarckia cadamba is a multi-use economic tree in South China. The successful application of genetic transformation for N. cadamba will contribute significantly to its molecular breeding. The efficient and feasible tissue culture plays an important role in the plant genetic transformation, and embryogenic callus is an efficient way of in vitro plant regeneration and an ideal receptor for genetic transformation. However, the genetic transformation of N. cadamba remains a challenge, due predominantly to our inability to stimulate the morphogenesis of embryogenic callus. It has been reported that the genes involved in signal pathways of auxin and cytokinin and some genes related to somatic embryogenesis play key roles in embryogenic callus induction. Previously, we analyzed the transcriptomes of embryogenic callus and found that some of the two categories of aforementioned genes are anchored in the embryogenic callus induction of N. cadamba. In this research, we furtherly analyze the effects of gene expression to callus morphogenesis to fix the key genes involved in the embryogenic callus induction. Combining the molecular biology approaches, we will explore the function of the key genes in embryogenic callus formation, and finally establish an efficient genetic transformation system for N. cadamba by controlling the transient overexpression of morphogenic genes of embryogenic callus. This research will supply new strategy and technical assistance for transgenic breeding of N. cadamba and guide us to better use economic resources.