纳孔碳多尺度结构基元序构及H2SO4自解吸机制

中国发电煤耗每年近 20 亿吨，巨量燃煤造成的SO2污染与硫资源需求形成鲜明对比。纳孔碳高效脱硫及资源化需要两个尺度结构基元的协同：具有f碱性官能团分布的微孔结构基元是SO2吸附及催化氧化的场所；极性中孔结构基元为产物H2SO4迁移赋存提供空间。结构基元有序构筑有望实现产物H2SO4直接自解吸。基于此，本项目提出“纳孔碳多尺度结构基元序构及H2SO4自解吸机制”技术构想：通过有序分级结构直接模板复制或单一结构基元结构的桥键连接（微观上的序构形成宏观膜结构），实现碳基微孔结构基元与中孔结构基元的序构以及表面掺杂定向调控，从而实现吸附催化反应与产物迁移解吸两个过程的耦合、增强。通过对“微孔结构基元与中孔结构基元序构机制”以及“强化反应与输运的结构基元耦合机制”，两个关键科学问题的研究，提出强化碳纳孔空间内“反应+输运”的结构基元有序构筑策略，为发展低能耗、先进污染物资源化技术奠定理论基础。

China consumes nearly 2 billion tons of coal for power generation every year, and SO2 pollution caused by massive coal burning is in sharp contrast to the demand for sulfur resources. Efficient desulfurization and resource utilization using nanoporous carbon requires the cooperation of structural units in two scales: the microporous structure unit with the distribution of alkaline functional groups is the site for SO2 adsorption and catalytic oxidation; while the polar mesoporous structure unit provides space for the migration and storage of the product H2SO4. Ordered construction of the structure unit s is expected to realize the direct self-desorption of H2SO4. Based on this, we propose a technical conception of “Ordered construction of nanoporous carbon multiple structure units and H2SO4 self-desorption mechanism” : by directly copying the template with an ordered hierarchical structure or bridged bond connecting between each single structure unit (the microcosmic ordered construction forming the macroscopic membrane structure), the ordered construction of carbon-based microporous and mesoporous structure units, as well as the surface polarity oriented regulation, can be realized, in order to couple and enhance the two processes: adsorption and catalytic reaction, and migration and desorption of products. By exploring the two pivotal scientific problems of “ordered construction mechanism of microporous and mesoporous structure units” and “coupling and enhancing mechanism of structure units for reacting and transporting”，we suggest a strategy of strengthening the ordered construction of structure units for “reacting and transporting” in carbon-based nanoporous space，which will establish an important theoretical foundation for the development of low energy consumption and advanced pollutant recycling technology.