应力取向效应对时效成形铝合金壁板性能均匀性的调控机制及工艺研究

时效成形将材料的蠕变（或应力松弛）与时效强化同步进行，在制造高性能航空铝合金整体壁板构件方面具有独特优势。针对时效成形时板坯宏/微观晶体学特征对外载荷的非均匀响应产生应力取向效应，恶化构件性能均匀化，限制其在航空关键构件制造中的应用这一关键问题，项目探索应力取向效应调控构件性能均匀性的原理和方法：基于第一性原理界面能计算，建立析出相宏观热/力影响因素与微观结构的关联机制，揭示应力取向效应的形成机制和动力学规律；进而，在探明单晶体应力取向效应调控构件性能的有效应力的基础上，运用织构多晶连续介质力学法（CMTP），探明多晶体织构效应的耦合作用对有效应力的影响，揭示宏/微观晶体位向效应对构件性能均匀性的影响机理和关联规律；从而形成和构建基于“热/力耦合因素调控应力取向有效应力”的时效成形构件性能均匀性调控工艺，发展时效成形技术形/性协同制造的理论和方法，推进其在高性能铝合金壁板制造中的应用。

Creep age forming (CAF) synchronously combines creep forming (or stress relaxation) and age-hardening into one process, and has unique advantages in manufacturing such high-performance aluminum alloy integral panels in the aircraft and aerospace industries. For the key issue that CAF cannot be applied in producing some key aerospace components, because of the involved severe anisotropy characteristics resulting from the stress orientation effect by the non-uniform response of crystallographic characteristics under applied loadings, this project intends to study the mechanisms and methods of the effects of stress orientation effect on property uniformity of components during CAF. First, by means of first-principles calculation and interface thermodynamics, the correlation mechanism of macro thermal/force influencing factors and microstructures is established, and the forming mechanisms and dynamics of stress orientation effect are revealed; then, on the basis of revealing the effective stress of stress orientation effect in single crystals, the coupling effects of polycrystalline textures on effective stress are investigated by introducing the method of CMTP (Continuum Mechanical of Textured Polycrystals), and the influencing mechanism and regularity of macro/micro crystallographic anisotropy on property homogeneity can be revealed; and finally, based on the concept of “thermal/force coupling factors regulating stress orientation effective stress”, the property-uniformity regulation technologies on creep aging formed components are explored and established. This work will develop the theory and methods of shape/property co-manufacturing of CAF, and will advance its applications in manufacturing high-performance aluminum alloy integral panels.