联合GWAS和eQTL挖掘湿加松产脂力调控基因

松脂是我国南方重要的非木质林产品，却由于松脂产量锐减导致我国松脂产业面临严重危机，亟需兼具速生优质与高产脂的松树新品种缓解产业危机。深入研究松脂合成的遗传调控机制，是定向创制高脂松树新品种的基础。湿加松具有生长快、材质好、抗性强，产脂量高的特性，申请人前期对湿加松采脂过程中不同时间点的样本进行了二代和三代转录组测序，筛选到一批与松脂合成通路相关的基因，然而哪些关键基因调控松脂合成通路进而影响湿加松产脂力的机制尚不清晰。本项目以已获得的全长转录本为参考，对湿加松育种园的200个无性系组成的关联群体进行转录组分析，获得高质量SNP标记及基因表达谱，采用性状与标记关联（GWAS）、表达量与标记关联（eQTL）联合分析的策略方案，挖掘调控湿加松产脂力的关键基因，阐述松脂合成调控机制，并利用已选育的验证群体加以验证。研究结果将加速高脂湿加松遗传改良进程，保障松脂产业可持续发展。

Pine resin is an important non-wood forest product in southern China. However, due to the sharp decline in the output of resin, our country's resin industry is facing a serious crisis. There is an urgent need for new varieties of fast-growing, good-timber and high-resin-yield pine trees to alleviate industrial conflicts. In-depth study of the genetic regulation mechanism of resin synthesis is the basis for the targeted creation of new varieties of high-resin-yield pine trees. The hybrid pine has the characteristics of fast growth, good timber, strong resistance, and high-resin-yield. The applicant performed the second and third generation transcriptome sequencing on the samples at different points during the process of hybrid pine resin harvesting, and screened a number of genes related to the resin synthesis pathway. But what are the mechanisms of key genes regulate synthesis pathway thereby affecting the resin-yield capacities is not yet clear is still unclear. This project will use the obtained full-length transcripts as a reference to conduct transcriptome analysis on an associated population composed of 200 clones from hybrid pine breeding garden to obtain high-quality SNP markers and gene expression profiles. Then, using the strategy of combined Genome-wide association study (GWAS) and expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL), the key genes that regulate the resin-yield capacities were discovered, the rosin synthesis regulation mechanism was explained, and the verification population was used to verify it. The results will accelerate the breeding process of high-resin-yield pine hybrids, and help to ensure the sustainable development of resin industry.