高含H2S/CO2腐蚀环境中BFRP的失效机理及界面优化研究

酸性油气开发中，大量H2S和CO2气体导致金属管杆材料快速腐蚀失效，因此对耐腐蚀、高性能和绿色低成本的玄武岩纤维增强树脂基复合材料(BFRP)具有迫切需求。然而，对高含H2S/CO2腐蚀环境中BFRP的失效机理缺乏了解，以及纤维与基体间较弱的界面结合，严重制约其在该领域的广泛应用。本项目建立酸性油气田模拟工况，研究BFRP在高含H2S/CO2腐蚀环境中的力学性能衰退规律，并通过深入分析其微观结构、物相和元素组成演变，阐明失效模式转变及腐蚀原理，揭示环境介质作用下BFRP的失效机理；通过自组装法在纤维表面原位生长聚硅氧烷纳米线，构建界面特征与力学性能之间科学关系，从纤维表面结构-活性协同调控的角度提出BFRP界面优化新方法；结合有限元模拟、理论分析和实验研究，建立环境介质扩散模型和细观力学模型，揭示界面优化对BFRP的强化机制。推动BFRP在酸性油气田极端环境中的应用，助力保障国家能源安全。

During the exploitation of acid oil and gas, a large number of H2S and CO2 gases result in rapid corrosion failure of metal pipe and rod materials, thus it is urgent to develop basalt fiber reinforced resin matrix composite (BFRP) with advantages of high corrosion resistance and performance, green and low cost. However, the lack of understanding of the failure mechanism of BFRP in high H2S/CO2 corrosive environment and the weak interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix severely restrict the wide application of BFRP in this field. This project establishes the simulated working condition of acid oil and gas field, and studies the degradation law of mechanical properties of BFRP in high H2S/CO2 corrosive environment. Besides, by deeply analyzing the evolution of microstructure, phases and element composition, the failure mode transformation and corrosion principle are clarified, and the failure mechanism of composites under the action of environmental medium is revealed. Through self-assembly method, polysiloxane nanowires are in situ grown on the surface of the fibers, and the scientific relationship between interface characteristics and mechanical properties is built to propose new interface optimization method of BFRP from a synergistic tuning perspective of fiber surface structure and reactivity. Furthermore, combining with finite element simulation, theoretical analysis and experimental research, the environmental medium diffusion model and mesomechanical model are established to reveal the strengthening mechanism of interface optimization on BFRP. This study can promote the application of BFRP in the extreme environment of acid oil and gas fields to help ensure national energy security.