砂岩型铀矿氡迁移规律及机理

为满足我国核能发展对天然铀的需求，寻找大型、超大型砂岩型铀矿床仍是我国近期铀矿地质勘查的工作重点。氡气测量是铀矿地质勘查的常用方法，但在沉积盆地寻找砂岩型铀矿面临氡气异常信息弱、矿致异常信息难以识别和提取的难题。为揭示铀矿床上方氡表征异常形成机理，将开展氡迁移规律的研究。以可地浸砂岩型铀矿为研究对象，采用室内实验与野外实验场实验相结合的研究方案，开展矿物学和地球化学多尺度氡传输规律研究。通过研究砂岩铀矿上方土壤层氡浓度时空变化规律、表层覆盖物和地下岩石和矿石中铀赋存状态、深部固相和液相铀和镭元素的分布与变化规律，研究氡气相和液相迁移特性，以及氡迁移主要控制因素。通过铀、镭、氡的空间分布及相互关联特性研究，揭示氡表征异常形成机理。建立砂岩型铀矿（铀-镭-氡）地质-地球化学-地球物理模型，为铀矿地质勘查中地球物理和地球化学方法应用、丰富砂岩型铀矿成矿理论、完善近地表放射性异常模式提供理论依据。

In order to meet the demand for natural uranium in China's nuclear energy development, it will be focus on exploration of large and ultra-large sandstone-type uranium deposits in China. Radon measurement is a common method for geological exploration of uranium deposits. However, searching for sandstone-type uranium deposits in sedimentary basins faces the difficulties of weak radon gas anomaly information, and identifying and extracting anomaly information from the uranium deposits. In order to reveal the formation mechanism of radon characterization anomalies above uranium deposits, research on the migration mechanism of radon will be performed..Focus on the in-situ leaching sandstone uranium deposits, a multi-scale radon transport study based on mineralogy and geochemistry will be performed using the researches combining laboratory experiments and field experiments. The radon gas and liquid phases of radon will be studied by studying the temporal and spatial variation of radon concentration in the soil layer above the sandstone uranium deposit, the occurrence of uranium in surface coverings and underground rocks and ores, and the distribution and variation of uranium and radium elements as solid and liquid phase migration, and the main controlling factors for radon migration. Through the spatial distribution and correlation of uranium, radium and radon, the mechanism of abnormal formation of radon will be revealed. To establish a geological-geochemical-geophysical model of sandstone-type uranium deposits to provide theories basis for the application of geophysical and geochemical methods in the geological exploration of in-situ leaching sandstone-type uranium deposits, enrich the theory of sandstone uranium mineralization, improve a model of near-surface radioactive anomalies.