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电纺高电催化效率SnO2-Sb/CFs微滤膜研制及其降解医药废水性能研究

批准号:
52103070
项目类别:
青年科学基金项目(C类)
资助金额:
30.0 万元
负责人:
于淑艳
依托单位:
学科分类:
高分子共混与复合材料
结题年份:
2024
批准年份:
2021
项目状态:
已结题
项目参与者:
于淑艳

项目摘要

结项摘要

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中文摘要
面对新冠肺炎爆发引起的医药废水难处理问题,电催化高级氧化技术因氧化性强、能量效率高等优点,成为处理顽固医药废水的热点研究之一。然而,传统金属电极及其构型存在电极析氧电位低,传质效率差等问题,导致产氧副反应和电氧化传质受阻,极大影响其降解污染物的性能。研究发现二氧化锡与锑复合电极(SnO2-Sb)具有很高析氧电位,可抑制产氧副反应;而电纺碳纳米纤维(CFs)作为穿透型电极取代传统金属板式电极构型,其纳米纤维网状结构具有更高孔隙率,可提高传质效率。为此,本研究采用电纺CFs膜作为穿透型电极基底,以高析氧电位SnO2-Sb为电催化电极,制备复合SnO2-Sb/CFs多功能微滤膜,组装进穿透型电催化膜反应器中,开展其抑制产氧副反应、提升传质效率且高效氧化降解有机污染物的研究,并研究其对抗生素类有机医药废水电催化降解效果,研究降解机理及路径,为电催化高级氧化技术处理医药废水研究提供技术理论及实践依据
英文摘要
Facing the problem of novel coronavirus pneumonia caused by the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia, the electrocatalytic advanced oxidation technology has become one of the hot technology in the treatment of refractory pharmaceutical wastewater due to its strong oxidation and high energy efficiency. However, the traditional metal electrode and its configuration have the problems of low oxygen evolution potential and poor mass transfer efficiency, which leads to the hindered oxygen production side reaction and electrooxidation mass transfer, which greatly affects the degradation of pollutants. It is found that SnO2-Sb composite electrode has high oxygen evolution potential and can inhibit the side reaction of oxygen production. However, the electrospun carbon nanofiber (CFs) as a penetrating electrode, replaces the traditional metal plate electrode configuration, and its nanofibrous network structure has higher porosity and can improve the mass transfer efficiency. Therefore, the study used electrospun CFs membrane as the penetrating electrode substrate configuration, and the SnO2-Sb with high oxygen evolution potential as the electrocatalytic electrode to prepare the SnO2-Sb/CFs multifunctional microfiltration membrane. The membrane was assembled into the penetrating membrane reactor, and the study on the inhibition of oxygen by-reaction, the improvement of mass transfer efficiency and the high efficiency of oxidation degradation of organic pollutants were carried out. At the same time, the mechanism and pathway of the antibiotic organic pollutants degradataion were studied. Finally, the study provided the technical theory and practice basis for the research of the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater by electrocatalytic advanced oxidation technology.
面对医药废水难处理问题,电催化高级氧化技术因氧化性强、能量效率高等优点,成为处理顽固医药废水的热点研究之一。然而,传统金属电极及其构型存在电极析氧电位低,传质效率差等问题,导致产氧副反应和电氧化传质受阻,极大影响其降解污染物的性能。研究发现二氧化锡与锑复合电极(SnO2-Sb)具有很高析氧电位,可抑制产氧副反应;而电纺碳纳米纤维(CFs)作为穿透型电极取代传统金属板式电极构型,其纳米纤维网状结构具有更高孔隙率,可提高传质效率。为此,本研究采用电纺CFs膜作为穿透型电极基底,以高析氧电位SnO2-Sb为电催化电极,制备复合SnO2-Sb/CFs多功能微滤膜,组装进穿透型电催化膜反应器中,开展其抑制产氧副反应、提升传质效率且高效氧化降解有机污染物的研究,并研究其对抗生素类有机医药废水电催化降解效果,研究降解机理及路径,为电催化高级氧化技术处理医药废水研究提供技术理论及实践依据。实验结果表明,该SnO2-Sb/ACFs复合膜反应器在阳极产自由基的高级氧化电催化氧化效应驱动下,耦合碳纤维膜穿透型基底的增强吸附过滤及传质作用,对废水中的抗生素类污染物具有显著的深度降解效果,降解效率较传统处理工艺大幅提升。最后,在检验改性碳纳米纤维穿透型电催化膜反应器的稳定性、灵活性和可循环利用性方面,开展了长期运行实验与多次循环使用测试。结果显示,该反应器在长时间运行过程中,性能保持稳定,未出现明显衰减;在多次循环使用后,仍能保持较高的处理效率与性能指标,展现出良好的灵活性与可循环利用性。这充分验证了其在实际医药废水处理应用中的可行性,为后续的工程化应用与推广奠定了坚实基础。
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