学龄前儿童对PAEs暴露的溯源分析及PAEs经皮肤的暴露机理研究

邻苯二甲酸酯（Phthalic acid esters, PAEs）是无处不在的环境类激素，特别危害儿童成长发育。学龄前儿童由于发育和行为特点，如活动范围广、手口接触频繁等，是PAEs暴露的高风险人群。本项目拟招募40-50个学龄前儿童的代表性家庭，采集食品及室内环境样品，以及儿童与父母的尿样。通过比较分析食品等样品中PAEs含量和人体代谢物含量，应用质量平衡模型，解析不同暴露途径的吸收系数和对总暴露量的贡献率，以期对学龄前儿童PAEs暴露准确溯源，为有效控制PAEs类环境污染物暴露提供理论支持。新型材料的大面积使用不仅提高空气和灰尘中PAEs含量，还可能从皮肤接触等途径提高PAEs暴露。本项目还将采用仿生学方法，对PAEs从软玻璃到皮肤的迁移进行研究，解析PAEs经皮肤直接吸收和接触引起的间接经口摄入的暴露机理，以便为PAEs暴露准确溯源提供数据，并为新型材料的健康风险评估提供新思路。

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are ubiquitous environmental hormones that affect children’s growth particularly. Because of preschool children’s typical behavior, such as wide range of movements and frequent hand-mouth contact, they become a high-risk group to PAEs exposure. The project aims to recruit 40-50 representative families with preschool children, to collect samples of food, personal care product, furniture surface wipe, indoor air, and dust, as well as urine samples from children and parents. Through data analysis, the concentrations of PAEs in food and environmental samples (external exposure levels) and the concentrations of PAE metabolites in urines (internal exposure levels) will be combined to establish the mass balance model, and to calculate the absorption coefficients and contributions of different pathways to the total exposure, so that to provide theoretical basis for effective control of the exposure of PAEs and similar environmental pollutants to preschool children. On the other hand, extensive application of new interior decoration material may not only increase PAEs concentrations in indoor air and dust, but also increase the PAEs exposure by dermal contact. This project will also use a bionic approach, study the migration of DEHP from soft glass to the pig skin, analyze the dermal exposure mechanism through dermal absorption and indirect ingestion caused by hand-mouth contact. The study will not only provide theoretical support for the accurate traceability of PAEs exposure in preschool children, but also provides new ideas for the risk analysis of new materials.