长白山区湖泊陆化型泥炭地时空发育过程与机制研究

湿地生态系统的发育规律与机制是全球陆表变化研究的热点。湖泊以“离心”或“向心”方式沼泽化形成湖泊陆化型泥炭地，是湿地生态系统发育的重要途径。但目前两种方式的时空过程与驱动机制仍不明晰，亟待开展相关研究。故此，本项目以长白山区记录“离心发育”过程的孤山屯泥炭地和记录“向心发育”过程的旱龙湾泥炭地为研究对象，基于泥炭基底年龄和定植植被类型揭示横向发育特征，并通过建立AMS14C年代标尺和植物大化石分析揭示垂向发育特征，分阶段重建两个泥炭地的时空发育过程；开展基于现代过程研究的植物纤维素碳/氧同位素分析，重建高精度的区域气候演化模式，并刻画地貌特征；将泥炭地的横向和垂向发育特征与地形参数、区域气候演化模式及驱动因素进行对比分析，揭示湖泊陆化型泥炭地“离心发育”和“向心发育”时空过程的驱动机制。该研究将丰富湿地生态系统发育理论，并为理解和预测气候变化背景下的湖泊沼泽化趋势和生态响应提供科学依据。

The development law and mechanism of wetland ecosystems are the hot spot in global land surface change research. Lakes swamp in "centrifugal" or "centripetal" manners to form lake-terrestrialized peatlands, which are important ways for the development of wetland ecosystems. However, the spatiotemporal processes and driving mechanisms of two manners are still unclear now, and the relevant research is urgently needed. Therefore, this project takes Gushantun peatland recording the “centrifugal development” process and Hanlongwan peatland recording the “centripetal development” process in Changbai Mountain Region as research objects. The lateral development characteristics are revealed based on basal peat ages and planting vegetation types. And the vertical development characteristics are revealed through the establishment of ASM14C age scale and plant macrofossil analysis. The spatiotemporal development process of two peatlands would be reconstructed in stages. Plant cellulose carbon/oxygen isotope analysis based on modern process research is carried out to reconstruct high-precision regional climate evolutionary model. And the landform features are characterized. The lateral and vertical development characteristics of peatlands are compared and analyzed with terrain parameters, regional climate evolutionary model and driving factors. The driving mechanisms of “centrifugal development” and “centripetal development” spatiotemporal processes of lake-terrestrialized peatlands are revealed. This study will enrich the wetland ecosystems developmental theory and provide scientific basis for understanding and predicting lake swamping trends and ecological responses in the context of climate change.