基于均匀圆阵(UCAA)定向钻孔雷达一般性原理研究

作为一种大深度、高分辨率、高精度的地球物理技术，钻孔雷达可以探测裂缝、孔洞及地层界面等，在工程、环境、水文和矿产资源等各方面发挥了重要的作用。通常的全向钻孔雷达只能确定目标的深度和径向距离，而定向钻孔雷达能够对地下目标进行三维成像。项目借鉴空中雷达的阵列天线技术，提出基于均匀圆阵的定向钻孔雷达技术，可以克服其它定向技术的各种缺点。然而，狭窄的钻孔空间限制了圆阵性能的发挥，需要研究克服。拟采用数值模拟、物理实验和综合分析相结合的方法，研究各种钻孔条件下均匀圆阵中天线单元间的互耦作用、馈线布设对阵列天线信号的影响、钻孔条件变化及周围介质不均匀对信号的影响，并对这些因素做出综合性分析、阐明基于均匀圆阵定向钻孔雷达的一般性原理，提出有效的探测方案；研究针对优化阵列结构的高分辨率成像算法；用合成和实测数据验证方法原理的正确性和有效性。研究的开展将完善钻孔雷达三维探测技术，服务地球物理精细探测。

As a geophysical technology with large depth, high resolution and high precision, borehole radar can detect fractures, caves and stratigraphic interfaces, and plays an important role in engineering, environment, hydrology and mineral resources. The general omnidirectional drilling radar can only determine the depth and radial distance of the target, while the directional borehole radar can image the underground target in three dimensions. The project uses the array antenna technology of air radar for reference and proposes the directional borehole radar technology based on uniform circular array, which can overcome various shortcomings of other directional technologies. However, the narrow drilling space limits the performance of circular array, which needs to be overcome. It is proposed to use the method of numerical simulation, physical experiment and comprehensive analysis to study the mutual coupling between the antenna elements in the uniform circular array under various drilling conditions, the influence of feeding arrangement on the array antenna signal, the influence of drilling condition change and the surrounding medium inhomogeneity on the signal, and to make a comprehensive analysis of these factors, to clarify the general principle of the uniform circular array directional drilling radar Based on the principle of high-resolution imaging, an effective detection scheme will be proposed, a high-resolution imaging algorithm for optimizing array structure will be studied, and the correctness and effectiveness of the principle will be verified by synthetic and measured data. The development of the research will improve the three-dimensional detection technology of borehole radar and serve the fine geophysical detection.