基于正交极化设计的柔性压电冰摩擦力矢量传感技术研究

近年来，北极航道的战略价值不断提升。在极地及北方水域，船舶通常存在着冰区航行的迫切需求，然而冰摩擦力会严重影响船舶航行阻力甚至船体安全。由于测量环境及产生机制复杂，冰摩擦力测量一直面临着原位直接测量手段缺乏的技术瓶颈。. 本项目基于压电聚合物PVDF材料及微纳加工技术，通过极化矢量正交配置以及表面电极阵列图形化结构的创新设计，实现冰摩擦力大小和方向的精确测量。项目主要研究复杂环境下冰摩擦力的多物理场耦合感知机理、柔性可弯多层膜功能结构的界面力学特性与控制方法、载荷作用下传感器性能变化规律及其失效机理等科学问题。此外，突破并掌握全柔性摩擦力矢量传感器及其阵列的设计模型、制备工艺、标定与测试等关键技术，以期获得具有尺寸小、动态性好、阵列化、柔性封装等优势的核心传感器，解决船-冰摩擦力分布测量手段缺乏的难题，为我国极地船舶的冰载荷分析、优化设计和航行安全问题提供基础技术支撑。

In recent years, the strategic value of the Arctic waterway has been continuously improved. In polar and northern waters, there is an urgent need for ships to navigate in ice area. However, ice friction will seriously affect the ship's sailing resistance and even the safety of the ship. Due to the complexity of measurement environment and generation mechanism, ice friction measurement has always been faced with the technical bottleneck of the lack of in-situ direct measurement.. In this project, based on the piezoelectric polymer PVDF material and micro/nano fabrication technologies, a friction sensor with orthogonal polarization vector and the innovative surface electrode array graphic structure is proposed, to achieve the accurate measurement of the magnitude and direction of ice friction. The main scientific problems of the project include the multi-physics coupling measurement mechanism of ice friction in complex environment, the interface mechanical properties and control methods of flexible multi-layer film functional structure, the change of sensor performance under load and its failure mechanism, etc. In addition, the research intends to develop the design model, fabrication process, calibration and test of the flexible ice friction vector sensor. The project is expected to obtain flexible micro sensor array to measure ice friction distribution on ship and provide technical support for the ice load analysis, optimal design and navigation safety of polar ships in our country.