根际和根系微生物组对药用植物甘草驯化的响应及其反馈调节机制

驯化在药用植物甘草的可持续利用中具有重要意义，并显著影响植物代谢物合成及其生态适应性，而土壤微生物在改善甘草生长及干旱胁迫耐受性等方面具有重要作用。本项目围绕根际和根系微生物组对甘草驯化的响应及其反馈调节机制展开研究，分析正常水分和干旱胁迫条件下，甘草野生品种和栽培品种差异根系代谢物和分泌物对根际、根内和根瘤内等生境微生物组的影响，利用共发生网络分析技术研究植物-微生物潜在互作模式；基于培养组技术建立微生物资源库，将关键根系代谢物和分泌物与分离纯化的微生物共培养，探索甘草驯化影响根际和根系微生物组的作用途径；研究低阶和高阶物种组合的合成微生物群落影响野生品种和栽培品种植物代谢物合成及干旱胁迫耐受性的分子机制，结合复制动态模型解析根际和根系微生物组对甘草驯化的反馈调节作用。通过本项目的实施，将能够促进对甘草驯化与微生物互作关系的认识，并为有益微生物在药用植物栽培中的应用提供理论支撑。

Domestication of liquorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) has substantially contributed to the sustainable use of this medicinal plant but also has affected plant metabolites and greatly decreased the ecological adaptability of cultivars. Plants might actively recruit members of the soil microbial community for positive feedbacks, but plant traits that drive rhizosphere and root microbiome assembly and functions are largely unknown. In the proposed project, the responses of microbiome in the rhizosphere, roots, and nodules to wild and domesticated liquorice under well-watered and drought stress conditions will be revealed. In addition, co-occurrence network analysis will be used to characterize the potential interactions between root metabolites and exudates and microbiomes. We will establish bacterial and fungal microbiota culture collections representing the species that are reproducibly detectable by culture-independent community sequencing. In vitro bioassays with root metabolites and exudates will reveal selective growth modulation activities toward rhizosphere and root microbiota members. Low- and high-order synthetic microbial communities (SynCom) will be designed on the basis of the distinctive microbiota assembled by wild and domesticated liquorice. The interactions between plants and the key proportion of plant-associated microbes in controlled conditions will be investigated using replicating dynamic models. Therefore, this study is expected to elucidate the impact of liquorice domestication on rhizosphere and root microbiome assembly and feedback functions. The study will also lay a foundation for further research into the application of soil microorganisms in medicinal plant cultivation.