红曲霉关键chs基因调控红曲色素和桔霉素合成的作用机制

红曲霉液态发酵过程中次级代谢产物生产水平与菌体形态密切相关，但红曲霉的形态调控基因、形态发育对次级代谢的调控作用等缺乏全局性和机理性的认识。研究表明，敲除几丁质合成酶(chs)基因，可影响丝状真菌在液态发酵过程中的形态发育。基于此，本项目以M. purpureus CSU-M183为研究对象，借助液态深层发酵技术、靶基因敲除与过表达、图像分析技术、组学分析等实验手段，从菌体生长发育、菌体形态及靶基因分析等方面挖掘出控制红曲霉菌体形态的关键chs基因；从红曲霉次级代谢产物发酵动力学、显著性差异基因表达与相关蛋白变化等生物信息学分析方面阐明chs基因对红曲色素和桔霉素合成的调控机制。研究结果有助于增加对红曲霉形态代谢工程的理解，并为菌体形态控制在红曲霉深层发酵过程优化中的技术应用提供理论基础，具有重要的理论和实践意义。

The morphological characteristics of Monascus spp. are closely related to the production of secondary metabolites in liquid submerged fermentation. However, the morphological regulation genes and the regulation of the biosynthesis of secondary metabolism by morphological development in Monascus still lack of overall and rational understanding. It has been reported that knocking out the chitin synthase (chs) genes can disturb the morphological development of filamentous fungi during liquid fermentation. Then, this project takes M. purpureus CSU-M183 as the wild type strain, using liquid fermentation technology, knockout and overexpression of gene chs, image analysis technology, RNA-seq and protein DIA analysis for research. According to the analysis of the growth and development, the morphological characteristics and the target gene functional annotation to mining the key gene chs of morphology control; based on the fermentation kinetics of the secondary metabolites, and the aspects of bioinformatics analysis, such as significant differential gene expression and proteins changes in related pathway, to clarify the molecular mechanism of the regulation of monascus pigment and citrinin biosynthesis by gene chs. The research results will help to increase the understanding of metabolic engineering of morphology of Monascus, and provide a theoretical basis for the technical application of Monascus morphology control in the optimization of submerged fermentation process, which has important theoretical and practical significance.