熔盐热解生物质生成二维形貌多孔炭的机理研究

生物炭因其优异的理化特性和环境友好的优点在环境、催化、储能等领域得到了广泛的应用。二维形貌耦合多孔结构有利于扩大生物炭的可及比表面积，促进物质在孔道内的高效存储和快速运输，从而提升材料的应用性能。本课题以生物质为碳源，采用熔盐热解的方法生成具有二维形貌的多孔炭。通过考察生物质在熔盐离子环境中热解炭化的结构变化规律，掌握熔盐离子类型与生物炭微观形貌的关联机制。通过观测热解过程中熔盐和生物炭的动态分布状态，阐明熔盐进入生物炭内部的流动路线，揭示熔盐与生物炭的异相融合机制。在此基础上，通过分子模拟和产物性质的测定，研究熔盐刻蚀炭骨架的反应途径，阐明炭层间化学键的断键方式，揭示二维炭层结构和孔道结构的形成机制。该研究结果将为生物炭的结构优化设计和定向构筑提供理论基础。

Biochar has been widely applied in environment, catalysis and energy storage fields owing to its excellent physical/chemical properties and environmental friendly nature. Two-dimensional (2D) morphology and porous structure of biochar could increase the accessible surface area and facilitate the mass storage and transportation, which was beneficial to the application performance. This study will use biomass as carbon resource and adopt a molten salt pyrolysis method to produce 2D porous biochar. The morphology evolution of biomass by molten salt pyrolysis will be investigated, to know the correlation between salt type and biochar microstructure. During biomass pyrolysis, the molten salt/biochar distribution will be studied to reveal the diffusing route of molten salt into biochar and the salt/biochar mixing mechanism. Afterwards, the method of salt etching biochar will be studied via molecular simulation and product characterization, to reveal the formation mechanism of 2D carbon sheet and porous structure. The research result is expected to support the structural optimization design and directional construction of biochar.