儿童对立违抗障碍症状的动态变化：亲子同步性和情绪加工的行为与脑机制

对立违抗障碍（Oppositional Defiant Disorder, ODD）合并持续的情绪和行为问题，严重阻碍儿童发展和家庭和谐。然而ODD形成后的发展变化趋势及背后的影响因素尚不明晰，尤其鲜有研究从家庭互动和个体水平因素进行探讨。本项目采用追踪设计，揭示ODD的发展变化趋势和潜在类别；通过行为观察和近红外超扫描，探讨儿童ODD症状和亲子同步性发展变化间的行为与脑联系；结合认知实验和近红外扫描，考察儿童ODD症状和情绪加工发展变化间的行为与脑联系；最后综合分析挖掘儿童ODD症状与亲子同步性和情绪加工发展变化间的行为机制和深层脑机制。预期通过研究，从基础理论层面，揭示ODD的动态变化模式，建立家庭多水平因素和ODD变化模式间的行为-脑机制解释链；从临床应用层面，为不同发展类型的ODD儿童提供家庭教养策略和干预方案；从学科发展层面，补充发展心理病理学有关ODD发病进程和影响因素的内容。

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a collection of emotional and behavioral problems, which seriously hinders child development and family harmony. However, the development trajectory of ODD per se are unclear and the influencing factors behind different development trajectory remain to be explored, particularly the family factors at dyadic level (i.e. parent-child synchrony) and individual level (i.e. child emotional processing). The current project intends to adopt longitudinal design to reveal the development trajectory and potential category of oppositional defiant disorder symptoms in children. Integrating behavior observation and fNIRS, the behavioral and neural relationship between ODD symptoms and parent-child synchrony will be investigated. In combination with cognitive experiments and fNIRS, the behavioral and neural connections between child ODD symptoms and emotion processing are going to be examined. Integrated analysis is going to be carried out to explore the behavioral and deep neural mechanism of the influence of parent-child synchrony and child emotion processing on the development trajectory of children's ODD symptoms. Through a series of studies, it is expected to reveal the development trajectory of ODD symptoms and contribute to establishing the behavioral-neural mechanism for the interactive effect of multilevel family factors on ODD symptoms in children, from the basic theoretical perspective. Moreover, this project will provide specific parenting strategies and intervention methods for ODD children with different development trajectory, from the perspective of clinical application. Additionally, the project will supplement the contents related to the progression and influencing factors of ODD and further promote the development of developmental psychopathology, from the perspective of discipline development.